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502 > Adult GI > Flashcards

Adult GI Flashcards

1
Q

Meds that effect LES?

A

TCAs, diazepam, CCB

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2
Q

LA classification for erosive esophagitis Grade A:

A

One or more mucosal breaks

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3
Q

LA classification for erosive esophagitis Grade B:

A

One or more breaks greater than 5mm but not continuous

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4
Q

LA classification for erosive esophagitis Grade c:

A

Mucosal breaks continuous between tops of 2 or more mucosal folds

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5
Q

LA classification for erosive esophagitis Grade D:

A

Mucosal breaks greater than 75% of the esophageal circumference

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6
Q

GERD management for episodic complaints:

A

Antacids 1 hour before eating and bed

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7
Q

GERD management of persistent symptoms:

A

H2 blocker or PPI
Mild- H2 blocker
Severe erosion- PPI

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8
Q

H2 blocker side effects:

A

GI disturbances, rarely rash, thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, pneumonia

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9
Q

Long term side effects of PPIs:

A

Vitamin B12, mag, and zinc deficiency
Possible arrhythmias
Possible increased risk of fracture

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10
Q

This is activation of pancreatic enzymes from various processes that results in an auto digestion of the pancreas, starts with inflammation and edema, which leads to necrosis.

A

Pancreatitis

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11
Q

Pancreatitis mainly caused by:

A

ETOH or gallstones

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12
Q

Pancreatitis Mnemonic:

A 
G- gallstones 
E- ethanol
T-!trauma 
S- steroids
M- mumps 
A- autoimmune 
S- scorpion sting 
H- hyperlipidemia, hypothermia, hyper parathyroidism
E-ERCP
D- drugs- steroids, depakote, metformin
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13
Q

Acute pancreatitis symptoms:

A 
Acute abdomen 
Severe discomfort 
High pain 
With or without fever
N/V
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14
Q

This is progressive destruction of the pancreas through fibrosis, calcification, and inflammation

A

Chronic pancreatitis

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15
Q

Diet for chronic pancreatitis:

A

Low fat, high carbs, high protein

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16
Q

Meds for chronic pancreatitis:

A

Pancreatic, pancreplipase

17
Q

Chronic pancreatitis treatment:

A

Pancreatic enzyme replacement
Management of subsequent conditions
Education

18
Q

S/s of cirrhosis:

A 
Spider angiomata
Palmar erythema
Gynecomastia 
Hypogonadism 
Hepatomegaly
Ascites
Fector hepaticus: musty breath 
Jaundice
19
Q

Cirrhosis management:

A

Lifestyle modification- no alcohol, low fat/ unprocessed foods, less than 2 portions of red meat per week

Diuretics and BB

Liver transplant at end stage- alcoholics must have had no alcohol for 1 year

20
Q

Most common causes of PUD:

A

NSAIDs

H. Pylori

21
Q

PUD start by treating on clinical findings unless:

A 
Greater than 40
Early satiety 
Unintentional weight loss
Heme in stool 
Anemia 
Could be signs of gastric cancer and endoscopy is urgently needed
22
Q

Treatment of h pylori induced PUD:

A

Antibiotics, PPI, and carafate

23
Q

Time criteria in IBS:

A

Patients must have abdominal pain at least 3 days/month in last 3 consecutive months with 2 or more of the following sx:
Improvement with defecation
Onset associated with change in frequency of stool
Onset associated with change in appearance of stool

24
Q

Management of diarrhea predominant IBS:

A

Stress reduction
Dietary modification
Fiber supplementation

25
Q

Management for constipation predominant IBS:

A

Fiber
Osmotic laxative such as MOM or lactulose
Avoid stimulant laxatives

26
Q

Gold standard for diagnosing IBD?

A

Colonoscopy

27
Q

More than 3-4 semisolid stools in a 24 hour period:

A

Diarrhea

28
Q

Type of diarrhea caused by either an increase in secretion or decrease in absorption with most common cause of cholera

A

Secretory

29
Q

Type of diarrhea that occurs when too much water is secreted into the intestines and is caused by over infection of sugar, salt, celiac disease, laxatives, or lactose intolerance

A

Osmotic

30
Q

Type of diarrhea when stool is mixed with blood or pus and is caused by IBD or sever infections

A

Exudative

31
Q

Type of diarrhea caused by damage to the mucosal lining which causes passive loss of fluids and is caused by viral, bacterial, parasitic infections, or IBD, Colin cancer

A

Inflammatory

32
Q

Treatment of antibiotic associated diarrhea:

A

Stool culture for c.diff

Metronidazole 500mg PO TID or 250mg PO QID OR oral vancomycin 125 mg QID

33
Q

This is functional constipation that lasts for over 6 months without any other cause- most common

A

Primary constipation

34
Q

Constipation treatment:

A

Bulk forming agents- bran, psyllium
Stimulant agents
Osmotic laxatives- lactulose, Miralax

35
Q

This is infection of one of the diverticula with severe colicky LLQ pain.

A

Diverticulitis

36
Q

Diverticulitis treatment:

A

Ciprofloxacin 500mg BID plus metronidazole 500 mg TID 7-10 days

502 (12 decks)

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