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Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Anemia

A

a condition in which the red blood cell count or hemoglobin level is below normal; a condition resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

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2
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A chemical or substance that prevents blood coagulation.

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3
Q

Arteriole

A

A small branch of an artery leading to a capillary.

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4
Q

Artery

A

A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues.

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5
Q

Capillary

A

a minute blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries to the smallest veins and serves as an oxygen exchange vessel.

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6
Q

Cardiopulmonary circulation

A

The system of blood vessels that circulates blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

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7
Q

Complete blood count (CBC)

A

A commonly performed grouping of hematological tests.

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8
Q

Deoxyhemoglobin

A

The hemoglobin formed when oxyhemoglobin releases oxygen to tissues.

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9
Q

EDTA

A

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; an anticoagulant commonly used in hematology.

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10
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell; (RBC)

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11
Q

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

A

An anticoagulant commonly used in hematology.

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12
Q

Granulocyte

A

A white blood cell containing granules in the cytoplasm; any of the neutrophilic, eosinophilia, or basophilic leukocytes.

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13
Q

Hematology

A

The study of blood and the blood-forming tissues.

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14
Q

Hemoglobin (Hb, Hgb)

A

The major functional component of red blood cells that is the oxygen-carrying molecule.

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15
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

the process of blood cell formation and development; hematopoiesis.

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16
Q

Hemopoietic stem cell

A

An undifferentiated bone marrow cell that gives rise to blood cells; also called hematopoietic stem cell.

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17
Q

Hemostasis

A

The process of stopping bleeding, which includes clot formation and clot dissolution.

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18
Q

leukemia

A

A chronic or acute disease involving unrestrained increase in the leukocytes.

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19
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell; WBC

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20
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

A large bone marrow cell from which platelets are derived.

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21
Q

Oxyhemoglobin

A

The form of hemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen.

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22
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid portion of blood in which the blood cells are suspended; the straw-colored liquid remaining after blood cells are removed from anticoagulated blood.

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23
Q

Platelet

A

A formed element in circulating blood that plays an important role in blood coagulation; a small disk-shaped fragment of cytoplasm derived from a megakaryocyte; a thrombocyte.

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24
Q

Red blood cell (RBC)

A

Blood cell that transports oxygen (O2) to tissues and carbon dioxide (CO2) to the lungs; erythrocyte.

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25
Q

Stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell.

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26
Q

Systemic circulation

A

The system of blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the tissues and back to the heart.

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27
Q

Thrombocyte

A

A blood platelet.

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28
Q

Vein

A

A blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the tissues to the heart.

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29
Q

Venule

A

A small vein connecting a capillary to a vein.

30
Q

White blood cell (WBC)

A

Blood cell that functions in immunity; leukocyte.

31
Q

Azidemethemoglobin

A

A stable compound formed when azide combines with hemoglobin.

32
Q

Cyanmethemoglobin

A

A stable colored compound formed when hemoglobin is reacted with Drabkin’s reagent; hemiglobincyanide (HICN)

33
Q

Dragkin’s Reagent

A

A hemoglobin diluting reagent that contains iron, potassium, cyanide, and sodium bicarbonate

34
Q

Globin

A

The protein portion of the hemoglobin molecule

35
Q

Heme

A

The iron-containing portion of the hemoglobin molecule

36
Q

Hemiglobincyanide (HICN)

A

cyanmethemoglobin

37
Q

Buffy Coat

A

A light colored layer of white blood cells and platelets that forms on top of the red blood cell layer when a sample of blood is centrifuged or allowed to stand undisturbed.

38
Q

Capillary Tube

A

A slender glass or plastic tube used in laboratory procedures

39
Q

Hematocrit

A

The volume of red blood cells packed by centrifugation in a given volume of blood and expressed as a percentage; packed cell volume (PCV)

40
Q

Microhematocrit

A

A hematocrit performed in capillary tubes using a small quantity of blood; packed cell volume (PCV)

41
Q

Microhematocrit Centrifuge

A

An instrument that spins capillary tubes at a high speed to rapidly separate cellular components of the blood from the liquid portion of blood

42
Q

Packed Cell Column

A

The layers of blood cells that form when a tube of whole blood is centrifuged

43
Q

Cell diluting fluid

A

A solution used to dilute blood for cell counts

44
Q

Hemacytometer

A

A heavy glass slide made to precise specifications and used to count cells microscopically; a counting chamber

45
Q

Hemacytometer coverglass

A

A special coverglass of uniform thickness used with a hemacytometer

46
Q

Micropipet

A

A pipet that measures or holds 1mL or less

47
Q

Anemia

A

A condition in which the red blood cell count or blood hemoglobin level is below normal; a condition resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

48
Q

Aperture

A

An Opening

49
Q

Erythrocytosis

A

An excess of red blood cells in the peripheral blood; sometimes called polycythemia

50
Q

Hemolysis

A

The rupture or destruction of red blood cells, resulting in the release of hemoglobin

51
Q

Immunity

A

Resistance to disease or infection

52
Q

Isotonic Solution

A

A solution with the same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution or cell with which it is compared

53
Q

Leukemia

A

A cancer of white blood cells characterized by an abnormal increase of white blood cells and their precursors in bone marrow, tissue, and peripheral blood

54
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Increase above normal in the number of leukocytes (white blood cells) in the blood

55
Q

Leukopenia

A

Decrease below normal in the number of leukocytes (white blood cells) in the blood; Leukocytopenia

56
Q

Immune Thrombocytopenic

A

A blood disorder characterized by purpura in skin and mucous

57
Q

Purpura (ITP)

A

Membranes and low platelet count caused by the destruction of platelet by antiplatelet autoantibodies; also called idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

58
Q

Petri Dish

A

A shallow, round covered dish made of plastic or glass primarily used to culture microorganisms

59
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Abnormally low number of platelets in the blood

60
Q

thrombocytosis

A

Abnormally high number of platelets in the blood, thrombocythemia

61
Q

Thromboembolism

A

Blockage of a blood vessel by a clot (thrombus) that formed in another vessel

62
Q

Buffer

A

A solution that resists a sudden, marked change in pH when acid or base (alkali) is added

63
Q

Cytoplasm

A

the fluid portion of the cell surrounding the nucleus

64
Q

eosin

A

A red-Orange stain or dye

65
Q

Fixative

A

Preservative; a chemical that prevents deterioration of cells or tissues

66
Q

Methylene Blue

A

A blue stain or dye

67
Q

Morphology

A

The form and structure of cells. tussues, and organs

68
Q

Nucleus (pl. nuclei)

A

The central structure of a cell that contains DNA and controls cell growth and function

69
Q

Polychromatic

A

Having many colors

70
Q

Wright’s Stain

A

A combination of eosin and methylene blue in methanol; a polychromatic stain

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