Hematology Flashcards
What is the most common microcytic anemia?
Iron deficiency anemia
What is the normal range for MCV?
80-100
What two main causes should you be thinking of in a macrocytic anemia?
Malnutrition and severe blood loss
Auer rods are most commonly associated with what disease?
Acute myeloid leukemia
What molecule binds iron in the bloodstream?
Transferrin
What does koilonychia refer to?
Spoon shaped nails. This may be found in microcytic anemia.
A low retic count and a normal serum ferritin should make you think of what diagnosis?
Anemia of chronic disease
Under normal conditions at what hemoglobin level would you began to consider a transfusion?
8
Which anemia should you think of if you see the term Howell-Jolly bodies?
Sickle cell due to functional asplenia, but it may also show up in folic acid deficiency.
G6PD deficiency follows what pattern of inheritance?
X-linked
List the three diagnosis you should be thinking of if a question includes Heinz bodies?
G6PD deficiency anemia, chronic liver disease, alpha thalassemia
Are target cells seen in mild or severe iron deficiency anemia?
Severe, they are also seen in alpha thalassemia, chronic liver disease and asplenia.
Iron deficiency anemia will have a serum iron lower than what value?
30
You should be thinking alpha thalassemia if the question stem includes which four geographic areas?
Southeast Asia, China, Middle East, Africa
A patient of Mediterranean descent is a clue for which type of anemia?
Beta thalassemia
In a folic acid deficiency anemia the folic acid level is typically below what level?
<150
The term Philadelphia chromosome should make you think of what diagnosis?
Chronic myeloid leukemia
WBC
4-11 (Medscape)
Hb
14-17.5 men
12.3-15.3 women (Medscape)
Hct
40-54% men
36-46% women (Medscape)
Platelets
150,000-450,000 (Hopkins)
Thalassemias
Microcytosis, target cells
A2 or F in beta-thalassemia
Electrophoresis
Multiple myeloma
Bone pain, fx & hypercalcemia MC findings
Bence-Jones proteins
Schilling test was to?
Determine the cause of B12 deficiency
Reed-Sternberg cells
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Painless lymphadenopathy
Peak 20s or >50
Most patients present w/ painless mass, commonly in neck
Christmas disease
Hemophilia B (factor IX hemophilia)
Hereditary bleeding disorder.
Managed w/ factor IX concentrates or FFP
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Thrombosis occurs in 50% of cases;
Bleeding is uncommon
Is sickle cell microcytic, macrocytic or normocytic?
Microcytic
List four disease states in which you may find basophilic stippling.
Lead poisoning, Beta or alpha thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia, arsenic poisoning.
