Endocrinology Flashcards
What is Sheehan’s syndrome?
Ischemia of the pituitary due to volume depletion during or after childbirth.
What two hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary?
Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)
How do glitazones work?
They improve insulin sensitivity.
What is the most common pituitary adenoma?
Prolactinoma
Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of which hormone?
Vasopressin
What medication might you use prior to thyroidectomy in a patient with hyperthyroidism?
Methimazole are propylthiouracil (PTU).
What is included in Whipple’s triad of hypoglycemia?
History of previous hypoglycemia, serum glucose of <40, immediate recovery upon administration of glucose.
What is Chvostek’s sign?
Tap on a facial nerve and get a twitch with low Ca.
What is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism?
Single parathyroid adenoma in 80% of cases.
Cushing’s
Incr cortisol: moon face, buffalo hump, HTN, decr K+. osteoporosis
Dz: pit.adenoma->incr ACTH->cort
Adrenal tumor-> cort
List two ectopic tumors that may produce ACTH and give a patient Cushing’s syndrome?
Small cell lung cancer, pancreatic islet cells, thymomas.
What is the test to begin with if you suspect pheochromocytoma?
24 hour urine for catecholamines.
Hypoglycemia
< 70
60 symptoms begin
50 mental problems and LOC
Name 6 hormones that are released from the anterior pituitary:
ATCH, GH, TSH, FSH, LH, PRL
What does ACTH do?
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone is released from the anterior pituitary. It stimulates increased production and release of corticosteroids by the adrenal glands