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ECVIM > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Hemophilia C is secondary to a deficit :
- in FIX
- in FXIII
- in FXI
- in FVIII

A
  • in FXI
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1
Q

The only coagulation factors that are not implicated in APTT measurement are :
- FVII and FXIII
- FV and FVIII
- FVII and FV
- FII and FV

A
  • FVII and FXIII
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2
Q

FIX deficiency is responsible for :
- Hemophilia A
- Christmas disease
- Hemophilia C
- Haegman factor difiency

A

Christmas disease (Hemophilia B)

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3
Q

Thrombin time is an indicator of :
- Fibrinogen concentration/function
- Fibrinolysis efficiency
- Platelet dysfunction
- vWf concentration/function

A

Fibrinogen concentration/function

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4
Q

D dimers
- have a long half-life
- can be generated from fibrinogen
- can be generated from insoluble fibrin
- are mostly measured with immunologic assays that do not cross with fibrin monomer fragments

A

are mostly measured with immunologic assays that do not cross with fibrin monomer fragments
(half life around 5 hours)

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5
Q

Which endocrinopathy has not been associated with hyper coagulability ?
- Hyperadrenocorticism
- Hypothyroidism
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hyperthyroidism

A

Hyperthyroidism

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6
Q

Which molecule is not a vitamin K dependent factor ?
- Prothrombine
- Protein S
- FVII
- Factor XI

A

Factor XI

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7
Q

Which of the following abnormalities do not favor coagulation ?
- Decreased level of protein C
- Decreased levels of antithrombin
- Elevated levels of plasminogen
- Elevated levels of vWf

A

Elevated levels of plasminogen

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8
Q

Cryoprecipitate primarily contains :
- FVII and XIII, vWF, fibrinogen
- FVII and XIII, prothrombine, fibrinogen
- FVII and X, vWF, fibrinogen
- FX and XIII, vWF, fibrinogen

A

FVII and XIII, vWF, fibrinogen

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9
Q

About hereditary hypo coagulable states (wrong proposition) :
- Scott syndrome primarily affects German Shepherd
- Hemophilia B is more common than hemophilia A
- FXII deficiency does not result in hemorrhage
- Congenital deficiency of the vitamin K dependent coagulation factors has been reported in cats

A

Hemophilia B is more common than hemophilia A

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10
Q

Type 3 von Willebrand is associated with :
- low vWF concentrations
- normal vWF concentrations but absence of vWF multimers
- low vWF concentrations but absence of vWF multimers
- absence of plasma vWF

A
  • absence of plasma vWF
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11
Q

BMBT is considered prolonged if :
> 10 min
> 2 min
> 4 min
> 20 min

A

> 4 min

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12
Q

Doberman Pinscher are predisposed to :
Type 1 vWD
Type 2 vWD
Type 3 vWD
Glantzmann’s thrombasthenia

A

Type 1 vWD

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13
Q

Which treatment is not recommended for IMHA ?
* cyclophosphamide
* azathioprine
* cyclosporine
* mycophenolate mofetil

A

cyclophosphamide

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14
Q

Which affirmation is true ?
* epoetin has a longer half life than darbepoetin
* darbepoetin is associated with a higher risk of anti-EPO antibodies formation
* seizures, fever, arthralgia, mucocutaneous ulcers can be seen with epoetin
* in dogs with aregenerative anemia, darbepoetin is given SC once monthly

A
  • fever, arthralgia, mucocutaneous ulcers can be seen with epoetin
    and local reactions (may be predictive of Ab formation)
    All Erythropoiesis stimulating agents carry the risk of hypertension and seizures
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15
Q

Which factor does not inhibit EPO synthesis ?
* Low albuminemia
* PTH
* ACTH
* Ferritin

A
  • ACTH (it stimulates EPO synthesis)
16
Q

Hepcidin :
* is synthesized by macrophages
* inhibits ceruleoplasmin
* inhibits ferroportin
* is down regulated by inflammation

A
  • inhibits ferroportin
17
Q

What is the duration of erythropoiesis ?
a) 10-12 days
b) 3-4 days
c) 5-7 days
d) 10-13 days

A

c) 5-7 days

18
Q

What cytokines are responsible for the initiation of a Th2 response ?
a) IL-4, IL-33
b) IL-6, IL-23
c) IL-5, IL-10
d) IL-12, IFN gamma

A

a) IL-4, IL-33

19
Q

What is not true about Th1 response ?
a) Th1 response is initiated by IL-2 and IFN gamma
b) TH1 response recruits macrophages and neutrophils
c) Th1 response is implicated in delayed hypersensitivity
d) Th1 response leads to the production of IL-10 and IL-35

A

d) Th1 response leads to the production of IL-10 and IL-35

( it leads to production of IFN gamma, TNF alpha, IL-2)

20
Q

What receptor is present on T lymphocytes but not on B lymphocytes ?
a) CD 25
b) CD 35
c) CD 125
d) CD 28

A

d) CD 28
(allows costimulation during APC presentation)

21
Q

What is the most abundant membrane protein of erythrocytes ?
a) ClHCO3- exchanger
b) EPO receptor
c) Pyruvate kinase
d) Na/K/ATPase

A

a) ClHCO3- exchanger

22
Q

About IMHA autoantibodies (wrong statement) :
a) Class I antibodies are mainly IgG antibodies, that are active at body temperature
b) Class II antibodies are mainly IgM antibodies, that are active at body temperature
c) Class III antibodies are mainly IgG, that are active at cold temperature
d) Class IV antibodies are mainly IgM, that are active at cold temperature

A

c) Class III antibodies are mainly IgG, that are active at cold temperature
They are active at body temperature. The difference between class I and class III antibodies is that there is only IgG for class III antibodies, there is no agglutination and no complement activation. Opsonized RBCs are eliminated by the reticuloendothelial system.

23
Q

Which breed among the following ones is reported as predisposed for IMHA ?
a) Bichon frisé
b) Daschund
c) Whippet
d) Labrador

A

a) Bichon frisé

24
Q

(False answer)
a) Acetaminophen is an oxydation compound that is directly responsible for anemia
b) Facial or paw edema can be seen with acetaminophen intoxication
c) N-acetyl-cystein helps with acetaminophen intoxication by replenishing glutathione stores
d) Toxicity can occur following 10mg/kg in cats

A

a) Acetaminophen is an oxydation compound that is directly responsible for anemia
Cyt P450 metabolism —> NAPQI (toxic metabolite)

25
Q

Hypophosphatemia induces anemia by (true answer) :
a) Modifying the erythrocytes membrane phospholipidic composition
b) Reducing the erythrocyte’s ATP stores
c) Leading to an important H+ influx in the erythrocytes, to compensate for electroneutrality
d) Impeading DNA synthesis

A

b) Reducing the erythrocyte’s ATP stores

26
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to pyruvate kinase deficiency ?
a) Abyssin and Somali
b) Scottish fold and British Shorthair
c) Angora and Turk Van
d) Persian and Sphynx

A

a) Abyssin and Somali

27
Q

Which genetic disease is not particularly responsible for anemia ?
a) Pyruvate kinase deficiency
b) Phosphofructokinase deficiency
c) Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome
d) Chediak-Higashi syndrome

A

d) Chediak-Higashi syndrome

28
Q
A

ECVIM (7 decks)

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