Hematologic Emergencies

Question 1

A delicate balance of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors in blood is called __

Answer 1

Hemostasis

Question 2

Bleeding controlled by the vasculature and platelets is called __

Answer 2

Primary Hemostasis

Question 3

When plasma coagulation factors are needed to form a clot, this is called __

Answer 3

Secondary Hemostasis

Question 4

The body’s first response to blood vessel injury is ___. It diverts blood glow from an injured area.

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction

Question 5

There are 3 phases of primary hemostasis. These are __

Answer 5

Platelet adhesion, Platelet Activation, and Platelet aggregation

Question 6

When plasma coagulation forms a stable hemostatic plug, this is called __

Answer 6

Secondary Hemostasis

Question 7

Thrombocytopenia, Thrombopathia, and Von Willebrand’s Disease are disorders of __

Answer 7

Primary Hemostasis

Question 8

Low platelet count (< 20,000 – 30,000/microliter) resulting in bleeding when inadequate platelets are available to form a plug is called __

Answer 8

Thrombocytopenia

Question 9

This disease is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of either circulating platelets or, less commonly, marrow megakaryocytes. It can be acute, chronic, or recurrent

Answer 9

Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia

Question 10

A platelet function defect in patients with a normal platelet count and history of surface bleeding is called __

Answer 10

Thrombopathia

Question 11

Significant bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia and thrombopathia warrants a ___ transfusion. This is contraindicated in IMT.

Answer 11

Platelet
**This will not increase platelet numbers, but will allow clotting.

Question 12

If a patient is acutely bleeding into a vital organ or uncontrollable, a __ transfusion is a better option

Answer 12

Whole Blood

Question 13

This is the most common hereditary bleeding defect in dogs, caused by a deficiency in vWF (a large plasma protein). Common in Doberman Pinschers

Answer 13

von Willebrand’s Disease

Question 14

There are three types of vWD - characterized by vWF concentration and multimer pattern:
Type 1 -
Type 2 -
Type 3 -

Answer 14

Type 1 – mild to mod dz with all multimer sizes reduced proportionally
Type 2 – mod to severe dz with lack of larger multimers
Type 3 – complete absence of vWFs

Question 15

One type of therapy for von Willebrand’s Disease patients is a concentrate of vWF, FVIII, fibrinogen, and fibronectin that is derived from FFPt and has a lower risk of transfusion complications that FFP or whole blood. This is called __

Answer 15

Cryoprecipitate