Emergency Triage and Shock Flashcards

1
Q

What do the following CPR codes mean?
- Red
- Yellow
- Green

A
  • Red: DNR (No CPR)
  • Yellow: Closed chest CPR
  • Green: Open chest CPR (Surgical)
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2
Q

What does ABC stand for?

A

Airway Breathing Circulation

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3
Q

What are some airway items that can be found in a crash cart?

A

Endotracheal tubes, Laryngoscopes, Mouth gags, and Gauze

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4
Q

What are some breathing items that can be found in a crash cart?

A

O2 source or Ambu Bag

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5
Q

What are some circulation items that can be found in a crash cart?

A

IV catheters, IV fluids

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6
Q

Shock is defined as ___

A

inadequate cellular energy production. This most commonly occurs secondary to poor perfusion or uneven blood flow resulting in critical decreases in oxygen delivery.

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7
Q

This is the most common form of shock. This form of shock results from a reduction in circulating blood volume such as bleeding, dehydration, and effusive fluid loss.

A

Hypovolemic shock

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8
Q

This type of shock is associated with decreased cardiac output. This type of shock can result from heart failure such as cardiomyopathy, valvular disease, and cardiac arrhythmias.

A

Cardiogenic Shock

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9
Q

This type of shock is a result of the reduction of oxygen in arterial blood such as anemia and lack of hemoglobin.

A

Hypoxic Shock

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10
Q

This type of shock is caused by inadequate nutrients available for cellular energy production, such as hypoglycemia.

A

Metabolic Shock

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11
Q

This type of shock is a result of maldistribution of blood flow associated with vasodilation and decreased effective blood volume such as heatstroke, trauma, anaphylaxis, and sepsis.

A

Distributive Shock

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12
Q

This type of shock is associated with an actual blockage in blood flow. Examples are GDV (Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus), pericardial effusion, and caval syndrome.

A

Obstructive Shock

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13
Q

What are the two stages of shock?

A

Stage 1: Compensatory
Stage 2: Decompensatory

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14
Q

This is the first stage of shock. Clinical signs include increased HR and RR, rapid CRT, brick red mucous membranes, and bounding pulses.

A

Compensatory Shock

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15
Q

This is the state of shock that we most commonly see our patients in. This is the second phase of shock. Symptoms include weak pulses, rapid HR, increase CRT, pale mm, hypothermia, and dull mentation.

A

Decompensatory shock

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16
Q

An obtunded patient exhibits __

A

a moderate reduction in alertness and an increase response time to stimuli.

17
Q

A stuporous patient exhibits __

A

deep sleep like symptoms and can only be aroused by vigorous and repetitive stimulation.

18
Q

___ is a byproduct of anaerobic cell metabolism. Increases in this byproduct, known as ___, may indicate inadequate tissue oxygenation.

A

Lactate, Hyperlactatemia

19
Q

Treatment of shock includes

A

Oxygen therapy, Venous access, Fluid resuscitation, Whole blood or PRBCs, or Sympathomimetic drugs (Epinephrine)