HEMA W3:1

Question 1

Continuous regulated process of renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of all blood cell lineages.

Answer 1

HEMATOPOIESIS

Question 2

The process results in the formation, development, and specialization of all functional blood cells.

Answer 2

HEMATOPOIESIS

Question 3

capable of self-renewal and directed differentiation into all required lineages

Answer 3

Hematopoietic stem cell

Question 4

PHSC

Answer 4

Pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell

Question 5

have they respective lifespans and a cell population capable of self-renewal that sustains the system.

Answer 5

Mature blood cells

Question 6

Phases of Primitive hematopoiesis

Answer 6

Mesoblastic, Hepatic, and Medullary phase

Question 7

Begins around 19th day of embryonic development after fertilization, cells from mesoderm
migrates to the yolk sac producing blood cells that lasts until the 8th to 12th week of gestation

Answer 7

Mesoblastic phase

Question 8

Hematopoietic activity is confined only to ERYTHROPOESIS

Answer 8

Mesoblastic phase

Question 9

Blood produced in this phase that is found in the central cavity of yolk sac
together with angioblast that surrounds the yolk sac forming blood vessels

Answer 9

Primitive erythroblasts

Question 10

Important in early embryogenesis to produce embryonic hemoglobin

Answer 10

Primitive erythroblasts

Question 11

Important in early embryogenesis to produce embryonic hemoglobin

Answer 11

Primitive erythroblasts

Question 12

Embryonic hemoglobin

Answer 12

 Gower-I hemoglobin:
 Gower-II hemoglobin:
 Portland hemoglobin:

Question 13

Gower-I hemoglobin

Answer 13

2 epsilon, 2 zeta globin chains

Question 14

Gower-II hemoglobin

Answer 14

2 epsilon, 2 alpha globin chains

Question 15

Portland hemoglobin

Answer 15

2 zeta, 2 gamma globin chains

Question 16

As yolk sac declines in producing blood cells, fetal liver takes charge that starts from 5
th to 7th
week of gestation until the 1st or 2nd week of life

Answer 16

Hepatic phase

Question 17

Remains as primary site of production until 6th months of gestation

Answer 17

Hepatic phase

Question 18

Characterized by recognizable clusters of developing erythroblasts, granulocytes, monocytes colonizing liver, thymus, spleen, placenta and eventually bone marrow

Answer 18

Hepatic phase

Question 19

3rd month of gestation

Answer 19

Definitive erythroblast

Question 20

3rd month of gestation

Answer 20

Granulocytes and megakaryocytes

Question 21

4th month of gestation

Answer 21

Lymphocytes

Question 22

5th month of gestation

Answer 22

Monocytes

Question 23

Hemoglobin formed during hepatic phase

Answer 23

 Fetal hemoglobin (Hgb F):
 Adult hemoglobin (Hgb A)

Question 24

Adult hemoglobin (Hgb A)

Answer 24

 Hemoglobin A1:
 Hemoglobin A2:

Question 25

Fetal hemoglobin (Hgb F)

Answer 25

2 alpha, 2 gamma globin chains

Question 26

Hemoglobin A1

Answer 26

2 alpha, 2 beta globin chains

Question 27

Hemoglobin A2

Answer 27

2 alpha, 2 delta globin chains

Question 28

Hematopoietic activity found in the medulla cavity of the bone cavity and begins at 4th to 5
th month of fetal development and continues towards adulthood

Answer 28

Medullary phase

Question 29

main site of hematopoiesis by the end of 24th weeks of gestation

Answer 29

Red bone marrow

Question 30

______ cells start to support developing hematopoietic elements having an observable
myeloid-to-erythroid activity and balance

Answer 30

Mesenchymal

Question 31

Normal myeloid-to-erythroid activity

Answer 31

3:1 to 4:1

Question 32

Indication of infection in myeloid-to-erythroid activity

Answer 32

6:1

Question 33

Indication of leukemia in myeloid-to-erythroid activity

Answer 33

25:1

Question 34

Growth factors that are required for medullary phase to differentiate blood cells

Answer 34

Erythropoietin (EPO)
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Granulocyte-Macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

Question 35

Hemoglobin formed in medullary phase

Answer 35

Fetal hemoglobin:
Adult hemoglobin:

Question 36

predominant in newborn

Answer 36

Fetal hemoglobin in medullary phase

Question 37

predominant in adult

Answer 37

Adult hemoglobin in medullary phase