HEMA Flashcards

1
Q

Most common anemia

A

Hypoproliferative

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2
Q

Normocytic and Normochromic RBC with inappropriately low retic response( <2 -2.5)

A

Hypoproliferative anemia

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3
Q

Most common Hypoproliferative anemia

A

early IDA

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4
Q

Mechanism Of Hypo proliferative anemia

A
  1. Abnormal iron metabolism: IDA, anemia of inflammation

2. Suboptimal erythropoietin response to anemia: renal disease, inflammation, cancer, hypometabolic states

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5
Q

Determines the turnover ra+e of transferrin iron

A

Plasma iron level and the activity of the erythroid marrow

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6
Q

Conditions associated with decreased clearance time of transferrin iron
(inc clearance /fast turnover)

A

Increased erythropoieSis

IDA

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7
Q

Average RBC lifespan

A

120 days

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8
Q

One ml Of RBC is equal to how many mg of Iron

A

One

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9
Q

Amount Of iron needed to replace the RBC lost through senescence

A

20 mg/ day

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10
Q

For pregnant women on their last- two trimesters, how much iron is required per day

A

increased to 5-6 mg /d

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11
Q

Primary location for iron absorption

A

proximal small intestine

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12
Q

principal iron regulator hormone

A

HepCidin

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13
Q

Increased iron absorption despite normal or inc iren stores with associated inappropriately Low hepcidin

A

Erythroid hyperplasia

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14
Q

Indicators Of decreased iron stores

A

Decreased Serum Ferritin

Decreased stainable iron on bone marrow aspirations

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15
Q

Represents the amount Of Circulating iron bound to transferrin

A

Serum iron ( NV: 50 to 150)

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16
Q

Indirect measure of circulating transferrin

A

TIBC (NV: 300 to 360)

17
Q

TSAT in iron deficiency States

18
Q

Test to estimate iron stores

A

Serum Ferritin level

19
Q

Most common causes Of increased Red cell protoporphyrin levels

A

IDA, lead poisoning

20
Q

Reflects the total erythroid mass and can distinguish between IDA and anemia of inflammation

A

transferrin Receptor protein

21
Q

In absolute IDA TRP is

22
Q

Conditions that present with hypochromic microcystic anemia

A

Thalassemias
Anemia of inflammation with inadequate iron supply to the erythroid marrow
MDS

23
Q

Max dose of elemental iron per day

24
Q

Inhibits iron absorption and release from storage sites

25
Known as Unpaired globin precipitates to form inclusions that damage the cell
Heinz bodies
26
When is reticulOcyte count expected to increase after iron therapy
4-7 dayswith peak rise 1-1.5 weeks
27
Most prominent SE of iron therapy
GI distress in 15-20% of Pxs
28
Categories in Hypoproliferative anemias with inadequate endogenous EPO production for the degree of anemia observed
l. Chronic inflammation/ infection 2. Renal disease 3. Endo and nutritional deficiencies
29
Goals for the tx of anemia
NO intervention until hgb <8(if wo serious underlying CV/ Pulmo disease > 11g/dl if with physiologic compromise
30
AE Of Epo administration in cancer patients
Increased risk of thromboembolic complications and tumor progression
31
Mutation in the Beta- globin gene due to change of 6th aminoacid from glutamic acid to valine
sickle cell