Hem/Onc Flashcards
Biphasic Bartonella. Carrion dz vs dx vs tx
Infect RBC then endothelial cells. Oriya fever w/ anemia then verruga peruana w/ angioprolif vs presentation vs amox/clav, cipro
Pertactin in Bordetella. Dx?
Bind heparin sulfate on glycoproteins and CR3. Presentation & cx
Dx vs tx ana/Ehr. Bacteriology?
Clinical + PCR vs doxy. Weak gram stain; Obligate intracellilar -> no lysosome fusion -> lysis of morula -> more infxn
Dx w/ ELISA for proteins or ag, PCR viral genome. Tx by watch or chemo
HTLV1/ATL
Biphasic fever, leukopenia, rash but not on palms/soles. Dx by immunofluorescence. Tx supportive
Colorado tick fever
Conjunctivitis, low grade fever, maculopapular rash; dx urine/serum RNA NAAT or sero igM; tx supportive but inc Guillain Barre
Zika
Blood smear = good standard; can chk ring trophozoites or crescent gametocytes
Malaria
Iron absorbed in where? What 3 meds blocks absorption? What specially inc vs Dec absorption?
Duo/upper jeju. Phytares, antacids, tannins. Gastric acid vs iron overload
Inc MCV but no anemia means? Meds causing macrocytosis? What part of B12 pathways causes hereditary megalo anemia vs abnl myelin?
Alc, liver dz/cirrhosis -> acetald -> acantho/sour cells. MTX, hydroxyurea, AZA/6MP, cap/cladribine, chemo, RA pts. Abnl cubulin vs no met aa
Splenectomy concerns:
Encaps from H flu, S pneu, N men -> 3 vax; PCN x2y post splenectomy, prompt care after animal bite, malaria prophylaxis for travel; inc CVD risk
Hydros fetalis
Mom O blood, baby A/B blood; mom Rh-, baby Rh+ -> baby anemia/hemolysis, jaundice, hypoglycemia -> pos Coombs & retic count -> RBC transfusion, phototherapy, IVIG
When to do rapid ELISA & fxnal assay? How to tx typical vs atypical HUS?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV fluids/electrolytes, dialysis vs plasmapheresis, ecluzimab
What’s the underlying cause: mucous bleed, immediate surg bleed, petechiae, small superficial bruise vs soft tissue bleed/hemarthroses, delayed surg bleed, deeper bruise
Primary vs secondary hemostasis issue
Liver dz: you clot and bleed simult, tx?
Tx underlying, FFP replacement factors, cryoprecipitate
When do you need RBC vs plasma transfusion? When to cryoprecipitate? Which blood component most likely cause bacterial sepsis?
Hb<7 vs massive transfusion, warfarin reversal, TTP. Fibrinogen <100, DIC, liver fail, intracranial hem post tPA. PLT