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MDT > HEENT MDT > Flashcards

HEENT MDT Flashcards

1
Q

•Vision returns to normal within 24 hours, usually within 1 hour
>24 HOURS
•Sudden, painless loss

A

Acute vision loss

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2
Q

•Eyes are “redrimmed” and scales or granulations can be seen clinging to the lashes

  • itching, burning, mild pain, foreign body sensation, tearing.
  • ** erythema of the lids, and crusting around the eyes upon awakening
A

Blepharitis

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3
Q
  • Blood underneath the conjunctiva, often in one sector of the eye and the entire view of the sclera may be covered by blood
  • caused by Valsalva maneuver; coughing, sneezing, vomiting
A

Conjunctival hemorrhage

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4
Q
  • Itching, burning, tearing, gritty or foreign body sensation; history of recent URI or contact with someone with viral conjunctivitis

•Watery discharge, red and edematous eyelids, pinpoint subconjunctival hemorrhages

  • Itching, watery discharge, and a history of ALLERGIES.

•Occurs bilaterally

A

Viral/Allergic Conjunctivitis

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5
Q
  • Redness, foreign body sensation,
    discharge;
  • itching is much less prominent
  • Purulent white-yellow discharge or mild to moderate degree
A

Bacterial nongonoccol conjunctivitisq

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6
Q
  • Severe purulent discharge,
  • hyperacute onset
  • marked chemosis, preauricular adenopathy
  • Sexual history relevant
A

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis

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7
Q

Disposition for gonoccocol conjunctivitis?

A

MEDEVAC if corneal involvement

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8
Q

Foreign body sensation, tearing, history of trauma; with or without a rust ring

A

Ocular Foreign Body

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9
Q
  • Erythema and edema of lid and conjunctivae; discharge, ocular pain or foreign body sensation, photophobia and/or blurred vision
  • Visual acuity is decreased possibly
  • Cornea reveals a round or irregular ulcer, with a hypopyon (white, hazy base)
  • Common with contact lens wearers
A

Corneal ulcer

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10
Q

Disposition for corneal ulcer

A

MEDEVAC - corneal perforation or scarring. Permanent vision loss

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11
Q

•ACUTE NONGRANULOMATOUS
ANTERIOR UVEITIS - Pain, redness, photophobia, visual loss, hypopyon (WBC pool) and fibrin within the anterior chamber, KPs seen on the corneal endothelium

•GRANULOMATOUS ANTERIOR
UVEITIS - Blurred vision in a mildly inflamed eye, “mutton fat” KPs and iris nodules

•POSTERIOR UVEITIS - Gradual loss of vision in a minimally inflammed eye, vitreous opacity

A

Uvueitis

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12
Q
  • periorbital swelling, nasal congestion/discharge, sinus
  • headache/pressure/congestion, tooth pain,
  • infra- and/or supraorbital pain
  • Eyelid edema, erythema, warmth, and tenderness, Conjunctival chemosis, injection, proptosis and restricted extraocular motility
A

Cellulitis

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13
Q
  • Severe pain, tearing, and photophobia

* History of trauma to the eye, commonly involving a foreign object (fingernail, piece of paper, or contact lens)

A

Corneal abrasion

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14
Q

TX for corneal abrasian

A

Stop wearing contacts

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15
Q
  • Flashes of light, floaters, a
  • curtain or shadow moving over the field of vision
  • peripheral or central visual loss, or both
A

Retinal detachment

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16
Q
  • Caused by use of a sunlight without eye protection, exposure to a welding arc, or snow blindness

•Numerous, microdots on the corneal surface after staining and
under high magnification

A

UV Keratitis / Flash burn

17
Q

History of oral or genital herpes infection

  • Punctate keratitis
  • Dendritic keratitis (branching epithelial ulceration with bulbs at the end of each branch)
  • Geographic ulcer (large, amoebashaped corneal ulcer with a dendritic edge)
  • Eyelid may have typical herpetic vesicular eruptions
  • Palpable preauricular node
A

Herpetic lesion

18
Q

History of auricular trauma

•Edematous, fluctuant, and ecchymotic pinna with loss of normal cartilaginous landmarks

A

Auricular Hematoma

19
Q

History of prolonged eustachian tube dysfunction

•Examination will reveal an epitympanic retraction pocket or a marginal tympanic membrane perforation that exudes keratin debris, or granulation tissue

A

Cholesteatoma

20
Q

Disposition for Cholesteatoma?

A

MEDEVAC - damage can occur of the ossicles bonesq

21
Q

Severe ear pain

  • Fullnes or “underwater sensation”, hearing loss or “muffled hearing”
  • Tinnitus
  • “Popping or snapping noises
A

Eustachian tube dysfunction

22
Q

Complication from acute otitis media (ask medical Hx)

  • Post auricular pain and erythema accompanied by a spiking fever
  • Edema, tenderness, protrusion of the auricle and the obliteration of the post auricular crease
A

Mastoiditis

23
Q

Disposition for Mastoiditis

A

MEDEVAC - can lead to serious systemic infections

24
Q

Otalgia, aural pressure, decreased hearing, fever, and history of URI

  • Erythema and hypo mobility of tympanic membrane
  • Severe - TM bulging (rupture imminent), mastoid tenderness
A

Otitis Media

25
Q

Purulent yellow-green nasal discharge or expectoration

  • Facial pain or pressure over the affected sinus or sinuses
  • Nasal obstruction and acute onset of symptoms
  • Associated cough, malaise, fever and headache
A

Sinusitis

26
Q

Purulent yellow-green nasal discharge or expectoration

  • Facial pain or pressure over the affected sinus or sinuses
  • Nasal obstruction and acute onset of symptoms
  • Associated cough, malaise, fever and headache
A

Sinusitis

27
Q

Rapidly developing sore throat or odynophagia is out of proportion to minimal oropharyngeal findings

•Laryngoscopy may demonstrate swollen, erythematous epiglottis

Muffled voice, High Fever, Inspitory stridor

A

Epiglottitis

28
Q

Disposition for epiglottitis?

A

MEDEVAC

29
Q
  • White painless lesion that cannot be scraped or removed that may be several centimeters in diameter
  • Usually superficial but may have submucosal depth upon palpation
  • May have wrinkled “wet finger” appearance
A

Leukoplakia

30
Q
  • Severe sore throat, odynophagia, muffled “hot potato” voice, trismus (lockjaw), inferior and medial displacement of the infected tonsil, contralateral deflection of the swollen uvula. lockjaw
  • Moist and translucent, palatal edema, tender cervical lymphadenopathy, drooling, dehydration, color ranging from none too deep erythema
A

Peritonsillar Abscess

31
Q
  • After an incubation period of 2-5 days a sudden onset of sore throat,
    painful swallowing, chills, fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting
  • Erythema of the tonsils, tonsillar pillars, and an edematous uvula
  • CENTOR Criteria - Fever >100.4, tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, no cough, pharyngotonsillar exudates
A

Pharyngitis/Tonsilitis

32
Q
  • Acute swelling of the parotid or submandibular glands
  • Increased pain and swelling with meals
  • Tenderness and erythema of the duct opening
  • Pus can often be massaged from the duct
A

Sialadenitis

33
Q

Disposition for sialadenitis?

A

MEDEVAC

34
Q
  • Minor cases are usually asymptomatic
  • Halitosis (hot breath), sore throat, white debris, bad taste (metallic) in the back of the throat, dysphagia, earache

Enlarged tonsils

A

Tonsillitis

MDT (17 decks)

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