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FNP BOARDS > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Hepatic keratitis

A 
From herpes simplex or zoster (trigeminal cranial nerve 5)
One side of face effected 
Can lead to corneal blindness
Emergency
Cipro or ofloxacin
NO STEROIDS or patch
May valtrex
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2
Q

Acute angle closure glaucoma

A 
Acute and sudden eye pain, ha, vomiting, decreased vision,  halos around lights
Pupil oval shaped, cornea cloudy
Optic nerve cupping
Rise in iop
Emergency
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3
Q

Optic neuritis

A

New or intermittent loss of vision in one eye
Associated with symptoms of MS
Fatigue, neuro symptoms
Refer to neuro emergently

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4
Q

Orbital cellulitis

A 
Swollen eyelid with proptosis (bulging eye)
Can't  do eye ROM
recent hx of URI
More common in kids
Refer to ED
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5
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Sudden onset of floaters, looking through curtain, or flashing lights
Refer to ed

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6
Q

Cholesteatoma

A 
Cauliflower like growth
Foul smelling discharge from ear
Can't see TM because of tumor
Hx of chronic otitis media 
Can damage facial nerve 7
Tx with antibiotics and sx
Refer to otolaryngologist
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7
Q

Battle sign

A

Racoon eyes and bruising behind ears 2 to 3 days after trauma
R/o occipital or temporal skull fx

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8
Q

Clear golden drainage from ear or nose

A

Indicative of basilar skull fx
CSF leak
Test with urine dipstick to check for glucose…this means its CSF fluid

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9
Q

Peritonsilar abscess

A

Severe throat pain, trouble/pain swallowing, jaw spasms, hot potatoe voice
Unilateral swelling, displaced uvula
Fever, chills
Refer to ed

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10
Q

Diphtheria

A

Sore throat, fever, swollen “bull” neck,
Grey to yellow colored coating on throat that is hard to displace
Very contagious
Contact isolation
Refer to ed

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11
Q

Presbyopia

A

Far sighted

Age related normal change starting around 40 yo

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12
Q

Nasal passages with allergic rhinitis

A

Boggy, pale, pale

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13
Q

Cartilage of nose

A

Does not regenerate

Call plastics if its messed up

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14
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White to light gray patches in mouth

Rule out oral cancer

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15
Q

Apthous stomatitis

A

Canker sores in mouth
Painful
Heal in 7 to 10 days
Give magic mouthwash

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16
Q

Sialolithiasis

A

Salivary stone blocked by a stone

17
Q

Color of exudate for mono

A

White

18
Q

Color of exudate for strep

A

Yellow or green

19
Q

Koplik spots

A

Clusters of small red bumps with white center in inside of cheeks
Associated with measles

20
Q

Hearing test results for sensorineural loss

A

Weber: Lateralization to good ear
Rhine: AC > BC

21
Q

Hearing loss results for conductive loss and otitis media

A

Weber test: Lateralization to bad ear
Rhine: BC>AC

From obstruction and blockage

22
Q

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

Blood trapped under conjunctiva due to burst blood vessel
Resolves in 1 to 3 weeks
No visual loss or pain
Just watch

23
Q

Open angle glaucoma

A

Increased iop >30 is emergency
Lose vision, peripheral first
Tx with timolol ( BB), latanoprost

Don’t give bb is patient has heart and lung issues

24
Q

Blepharitis

A

Chronic inflammation of eyelids
Itching, crusting, gritty sensation
Wash eyes, erythromycin

25
Q

Strep throat

A 
Tonsilar exudate
Anterial cervical adenopathy
Fever 
No cough
Treat with PCN or amox
26
Q

Otitis media

A

Red and bulging TM
caused by pneuma and influenzae
treat with amox, augmentin, levaquin

27
Q

papilledema

A

Optic disc swelling
increased eye pressure
with blurred edges
caused by abscess, tumor

28
Q

What causes missing red reflex

A

white colored opacities (cataracts) or white spots (leukocoria), retinoblastoma, glaucoma

29
Q

Strabismus

A

Misalignment of the eye.

  • Horizontal strabismus: esotropia (inward turning of the eyes) or exotropia (outward turning of the eyes).
  • Vertical strabismus may be hypertropia (one eye higher than the other) or hypotropia (one eye lower than the other).
30
Q

Macular Degeneration

A
  • Loss of central visual fields results in loss of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity
  • age related
31
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Acute and rapid onset
high fever, chills
sore throat, drooling, not eating, hot potato voice
sits with hyperextended neck with mouth breathing, stridor
treat with rifampin

32
Q

Meniere’s dz

A

hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

do rhomberg test

33
Q

3 types of red tongue

A
  • Glossitis: smooth red tongue
  • B 12 insuffiency: beefy red tongue
  • Kawasaki and scarlet fever: strawberry tongue

FNP BOARDS (5 decks)

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