hectic teacher test - 8/2/24

Question 1

explain Becker relativity of crime and deviance

Answer 1

historical period - homosexuality, opium
cultural - drinking alcohol in Saudi Arabia and UK
generational - ideas of normal vary between age groups

Question 2

explain lemert primary and secondary deviance

Answer 2

primary deviance - a person commits an act that they know is deviant/ criminal but no one else knows so no label is attached
secondary deviance - the deviant act is witnessed and a label is attached to the person committing the act

Question 3

who are moral entrepreneurs?

Answer 3

the people who decide what is morally acceptable within society
e.g. ruling class

Question 4

who are agencies of social control?

Answer 4

formal - police, CJs, courts
informal - peers, society

Question 5

identify and explain 3 consequences of labelling theory

Answer 5

self fulfilling prophecy - once a person is labelled a deviant they take on that label and begin to act in the way that they have been labelled
deviancy amplification - an attempt to control deviance leads to greater amounts of that deviance.
master status - individuals identified by a particular aspect of themselves such as being a criminal and this impacts how they are treated within society

Question 6

identify and explain 3 left realist explanations for the causes of crime

Answer 6

relative deprivation - Lee and Young suggest deprivation is at the root of criminality, not poverty
marginalisation - marginalised groups feel they are not part pf society and lack the goals and organisations to represent their interests leading to a sense of frustration and resentment amongst those groups
sub cultures - a collective response to the problem of relative deprivation

Question 7

identify 3 left realists

Answer 7

Lea
Young
Ken Pryce

Question 8

identify and explain 3 right realist explanations for the causes of crime

Answer 8

1. biological differences - crime is caused by a combination of
2. biological and social factors
   socialisation and the underclass- crime rates are increasing due to the growing underclass of people who are dependant upon the welfare state
3. rational choice - assumes individuals have free will and the power of reason, therefore criminals have made a choice to commit a crime

Question 9

identify 3 right realists

Answer 9

1. Wilson and Herrnstein
2. Charles Murray
3. Ron Clarke