Heart to get

Question 1

What can blood pressure be impacted by

Answer 1

vascular resistance
cardiac output= heart rate x stroke volume

Question 2

what is pre-load

Answer 2

The volume of blood/ hydrostatic pressure within the ventricles at the end of the diastole

Question 3

what is afterload

Answer 3

is the pressure the heart works against to open up the aorta in systole, arterial blood pressure is the primary factor

Question 4

How does the renin-angiotensis aldosterone system try to increase blood pressure

Answer 4

systemic vasoconstriction
increased blood volume
renal sodium and fluid retension

Question 5

What effect does vasoconstriction have in heart failure

Answer 5

increases volume returning to heart
increase atrial pressures
increase likelihood of oedema

Question 6

How do we try to manipulate the compensatory mechanisms in heart failure

Answer 6

reduce fluid build up- diuretics
antagonise RAAS- ACE inhibitors +/- aldosterone antagonists
vasodilate- pimobendan