Heart PPT Flashcards
The SA node is the _____ pacemaker.
primary
Electrical _____ = depolarization -> mechanical contraction = systole
stimulation
Electrical _____ = repolarization -> mechanical relaxation = diastole
relaxation
Cardiac Conduction System
SA Node Atria AV Node Bundle of His Bundle of Branches Purkinje fibers Ventricles
_____ is the noninvasive, first line of investigation that provides information about the function of cardiac conduction system.
EKG
EKG’s can help identify enlarged chambers or thickened heart muscle, ______, and ischemic heart disease or MI.
arrhythmias
Each electrode creates an imaginary line or ____ looking at the electrical activity directly in front of it.
“lead”
To assure good conduction with electrode placement, don’t use _____, prep area with clean dry guaze, clip hair if needed. You also want to avoid ______. Don’t shave because it makes a difference in connection by taking the top layer of skin off.
alcohol
bony areas
With the 3 lead monitor what are the placements of the electrodes.
white on the right
smoke over fire
What are the 5 lead EKG placements of electrodes?
Smoke over fire, white on the right. Snow over grass. V1 4th Intercostal space
A 12-Lead ECG has _____ leads, but gives 12 images.
10 leads
_____: fourth intercostal space, right sternal border
V1
____: level with V5 at left midaxillary line
V6
_____: fourth intercostal space, left sternal border
V2
____: directly between leads V2 and V4
V3
_____: level with V4 at left anterior axillary line
V5
____: fifth intercostal space, left midclavicular line
V4
Errors in diagnosis can occur from incorrect lead placement or ______.
patient movement
While telemetry and EKGs are important to monitor, you must always _____ your patients condition.
consider/assess
EKG paper is graph paper made up of boxes ______
1 mm by 1 mm.
On EKG paper the ______ axis corresponds with time and rate.
horizontal
On EKG paper the ______ axis corresponds with amplitude/voltage of the impulse.
vertical
On EKG paper each small box =s ____ seconds.
0.04 seconds
On EKG paper five small boxes =’s or one big box ____ seconds.
0.2 seconds
On EKG paper five big boxes =’s _____ seconds.
1.0 seconds
30 big boxes on the EKG strip =’s ____ seconds.
6.0 seconds
The accurate and quickest way to determine heart rate you should count _____ in six second strip, multiply by 10. If your rhythm is irregular, counting ____ intervals is more accurate.
QRS complexes
RR
The most accurate way to determine the heart rate is to count the small boxes between QRS complexes (RR intervals) and divide by _____.
1500
i.e. 1500/25 = 60 bpm
To determine the rhythm look at the ___ or ____ intervals.
R-R or P-P
Regular intervals are the same or with a
0.8 second
To determine the rhythm you can use paper or _____.
calipers
P wave =’s ______
atrial depolarization
The _____ is when depolarization of the atria and electrical impulse is moving from the SA node towards the ventricles.
P wave
P waves can be different shapes, sizes, depending on ______.
atrial conduction
