Heart failure - ACE inhibitors, ARBS, and related agents

Question 1

MOA of ACE inhibitors

Answer 1

> Reduce peripheral resistance and reduce afterload
Reduce salt and water retention (by reducing aldosterone secretion) -> reduce preload
Reduction in tissue angiotensin levels also reduces sympathetic activity through diminution of angiotensin’s presynaptic effects on norepinephrine release
Reduce the long-term remodeling of the heart and vessels

Question 2

Side effect of ACE inhibitors

Answer 2

Coughing

Question 3

Should be considered in patients intolerant of ACE inhibitors because of incessant cough

Answer 3

Angiotensin receptor blockers

Question 4

Recently approved for hypertension

Answer 4

Renin inhibitors