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General Medicine > heart failure > Flashcards

heart failure Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of sputum do you get in pulmonary oedema?

A

pink frothy sputum

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2
Q

what heart sound can you hear in LVF?

A

3rd heart sound (galloping)

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3
Q

what shadows can you get in the lower zones in heart failure?

A

bat wing shadows

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4
Q

treatment of for pulmonale?

A

diuretics and oxygen

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5
Q

Best treatment for fast AF?

A

digoxin (the digger)

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6
Q

why do you give diuretics in heart failure?

A

to excrete the retained fluid (symptom control) This does not increase life expectancy

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7
Q

what is the purpose of ACEi s?

A

dilation of blood vessels. lowering the resistance of vessels heart has to pump into. Easier on heart

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8
Q

what do beta blockers do?

A

reduce mortality. inhibition of the chonotropic and inotropic effects of the beta 1 receptors

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9
Q

which beta blocker is B1 selective?

A

bisoprolol

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10
Q

most commonly used diuretic?

A

furosemide

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11
Q

levels of what can go down with furosemide?

A

K goes down furiously

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12
Q

which two drugs maintain/increase levels of K

A

spironolactone and ACEi

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13
Q

what must be monitored when ACEi are begun?

A

Us and Es

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14
Q

what do ARBs do?

A

block action of ATII at ATI receptor (cause a reduction i aldosterone)

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15
Q

what kind of drug is aldosterone?

A

aldosterone receptor antagonist

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16
Q

side effects of spironolactone?

A

hyperkalaemia, renal dysfunction and gynaecomastia

17
Q

What do ACE inhibitors do to K?

A

INCREASE (the ace of Ks)

18
Q

how is digoxin excreted?

A

kidneys

19
Q

digoxin is excellent therapy for ?

A

fast AF

20
Q

advantage and disadvantage of digoxin?

A

slows fast AF

Causes ventricular arrhythmias

21
Q

acute LVF management ?

A 
outside wishaw
sit up 
oxygen 
intravenous furosemide 
intravenous diamorphine

General Medicine (15 decks)

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