Heart and Central vessels Flashcards
The main function of the ___ is to circulate blood through the body and lungs.
▪ Two separate circulations Located in the mediastinum?
HEART
Position variance of the heart?
o Body build
o Chest configuration
o Diaphragm level
o Dextrocardia
area on anterior chest overlying heart and great vessels?
PRECORDIUM
If the heart and stomach are placed to the right and the liver to
the left, this habitus is termed?
SITUS INVERSUS
Tough, double-walled, fibrous sac encasing and protecting the
heart?
PERICARDIUM
Thick, muscular middle layer responsible for pumping?
MYOCARDIUM
Innermost layer, lining chambers and covering valves?
ENDOCARDIUM
Two-phases of cardiac cycle?
SYSTOLE AND DIASTOLE
Ventricles contract.
o Blood is ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta and
from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
o Mitral and tricuspid valves close (first heart sound)?
SYSTOLE
Mitral and tricuspid valves open.
▪ Blood moves from atria to ventricles (third heart sound).
▪ Ventricles dilate, an energy-requiring effort that draws blood
into the ventricles as the atria contract, thereby
moving blood from the atria to the ventricles.
▪ Atria contract as ventricles almost filled.
▪ Causes complete emptying of atria (fourth heart sound?
DIASTOLE
Normally diastole is silent event
▪ However, in some conditions, ventricular filling creates
vibrations that can be heard over chest?
S3 (Third heart sound)
Occurs at end of diastole, at presystole, when ventricle
resistant to filling.
o Atria contract and push blood into noncompliant
ventricle.
o This creates vibrations that are heard as?
S4 (Fourth heart sound)
Blood circulating through normal cardiac chambers and
valves usually makes no noise.
▪ However, some conditions create turbulent blood flow
and collision currents, much like a pile of stones or
a sharp turn in a stream creates a noisy water flow and r is a gentle, blowing, swooshing sound that
can be heard on chest wall?
MURMURS
