Heart and Arteries Flashcards
space in the medial thoracic cavity between the two pleural cavities in which the heart and othe organs are located
mediastinum
outer, dense connective tissue layer of the pericardum
fiberous pericardium
protective sac that encloses the heart
parietal pericardium
space between the pariatal pericardium and the visceral pericardium (epicardium), contains lubricating fluid
pericardial cavity
the outer covering of the heart
epicardium (viseral pericarium)
the muscle layer of the heart, causes the heart to contract
myocardium
the innermost lining of the heart
endocardium
membrane that partitions the two atria
interatrial septum
myocardial tissue that partitions the two ventricles
interventricular septum
inferior pointed portion of the heart
apex
recives blood from head and upper body and drains into the right atrium
superior vena cava
recives blood from the legs and trunk and drains into the right atrium
inferior vena cava
return deoxygenated blood from myocardium to coronary sinus
coronary vein
large vessle on the left posterior heart between atria and ventricle, recives venous blood from the coranary veins and drains into the right atrium
coranary sinus
superior chamber of the heart that recives blood form the venae cavae and coranary sinus
right atrium
anterior part of the atrium, flap like extension
right auricle
(ear shaped)
muscular ridges within both aricles and anterior walls of the atria
pectinate
located between the right atrium and right ventricle, prevents backflow into the right atrium during ventricular contraction
right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve
right inferior chamber of the heart, sends blood to the pulmonary trunk
right ventricle
ridges of muscle in the endocardium of the ventricles
trabeculae carneae
small muscle that fastens to the chordae tendineae to the ventricular wall
papillary muscle
strands of connective tissue that hold the valves in position while the heart is contracting
chordeae tendineae
prevents backflow of the blood from the pumonary trunk to the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation
pulmonary valve
large vessle on the anterior superior portion of the heart that recives blood from the right ventricle and directs it to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries
pulmonary trunk
paired branches of the pulmonary trunk that direct deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be oxygenated
pulmonary arteries
two vessles from each lung that return oxygenated blood to the heart’s left atrium
pulmonary veins
recives blood from thelungs via the pulmonary veins
left atrium
anterior part of the atrium, flap like extension
left auricle
located between atrium and ventricle on the left side, prevents backflow of blood into left atrium durung ventricular contraction
left atrioventricular (bicuspid, mitral) valve
composed of unusually thick myocardium wall for contaction against high pressure
left ventricle
three half moon shaped cusps that prevent backflow of blood from the aorta to the relaxed left ventricle
aortic valve
recives blood from the left ventricle
ascending aorta
vessles that branch immediately from the ascending aorta, supply blood to the myocarduim
coronary arteries
curvered protion of the aorta the extends superior and posterior to the pulmonary trunk
aortic arch
ABC’S
curved portion of the aorta that descends from the aortic arch and continues inferiorly until it divides into the common iliac atreries
descending aorta
first branch of the aortic arch, unpaired vessle orignating from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the right arm and head through the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries, respectivly
brachiochephalic trunk
ABC’S
middel branch originating from the aortic arch, suplies the left and right sides of the head through the external and internal carotid arteries
left common carotid artery
ABC‘S
the last branch of the aortic arch, supiles the left upper limb though the axillary artery
left subclavian artery
ABC’S
one of the two branches of the brachiochephalic trunk, delivers blood to the right side of the head and neck
right common carotid artery
they vein they use to embalm so there is alwasy a string tied around it
paiered artery located in the neck, divides into arteries such as the facial artery that supply all structors of the head except the brain
external carotid artery
X reated finger
paiered artery located in the neck, enters the skull via the carotid canal of the temporal bone, supplies the orbit and cerebrum
internal carotid artery
index finger
located inferior to the clavicle, supplies the upper limbs through the axillary artery, one of the two branches of the brachiochepalic trunk
right subcalvian artery
paired, orignates from the subcalvian artery, passes thorough the transverse foamen and the foramen magnum, forms the basiler artery
vertebral artery
paired artery originating from the subcalvian artery, descending down the posterior side of the rib cage
internal thoracic artery
continuation of the subcalvian artery, it passes through the armpit region and gives rise to the brachial and deep brachial arteries
axillary artery
contiuation of the axillary artery, descends down medial side of the humerous and then brances into the radial and ulnar arteries
brachial artery
a branch of the brachial artery that descends the radial side and supplies the forearm
radial artery
a branch of the brachial artery teh descends the ulnar side and supplies the forearm
ulnar artery
supply the intercostal muscels, arterial branches of the internal thoracic artery
intercostal artery
short vessle arising from the aorta inferior to the diaphragm, divides into three brances
celiac trunk
supplies the spleen
splenic artery
supplies the stomach
left gastric artery
supplies the liver, branches into right gastric and gastrodenal ateries
comman heptic artery
a branch of the descending aorta inferior to the celiac trunk, supplies the majority of the small intestine and part of the large intestine
superior mesenteric artery
paired branch of the descending aorta that supplies the kidneys
renal arteries
paired lateral aortic branch that supplies the adrenal glands
suprarenal artery
super tiny
paired branch of the descending aorta at the L-2 level that supplies the gonads of the male/female
gonadal artery
runs parallele to psoas major
branch of the descending aorta located immedately superior to the bifurcation into the common iliac arteries, supplies part of the large intestine and the rectum
inferior mesenteric artery
four paired branches off the posterior side of the descending aorta, suppiles lumbar muscles and spinal chord
lumbar artery
a branch of the descending aorta, supplies region of the sacrum and coccyx
middle (median) sacral artery
bifurication of the descending aorta, supplies lower exremities and divides into the internal and exteranal ilic arteries
common iliac artery
deep branch of the common iliac artery that supplies the genitial organs and gluteal muscles of the pelvic region
internal iliac artery
superficaial branch of the common iliac artery that continues as the femoral artery, supplies the lower limb
external iliac artery
continuation of the external iliac artery after it passes the inguinal ligament, supplies the muscles of the thigh
femoral artery
VAN
Vein Artery Nerve (starting on the medial side)
a branch of the femoral artery that supplies the posterior thigh muscles
deep femoral artery
continuation of the femoral artery in the region of the posterior knee, supplies the knee joint, divies into posterior and anterior tibial artery
popliteal artery
derived from the popliteal artery. supplies the extensor muscles of the lower leg, ankle and dorsal side of foot
anterior tibial artery
supplies the flexor and peroneal muscels of the lower leg
posterior tibial artery
