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Human Anatomy > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

composed of the brian and spinal chord

A

Central Nervous System

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2
Q

located within the cortex of the brain

A

Gray Matter

composed of nerve cell bodies

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3
Q

located beneath the cortex

A

White matter

composed of tracks of myelinated nerve fibers

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4
Q

The main superior component of the brain in charge of memory and reason;

A

Cerebrum

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5
Q

elevations on the cortical surface of the brain

A

cerebral gyrus

mountains

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6
Q

groves betreen the cerebral gyri

A

cerebral sulcus

valleys

when you sulk, you are down

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7
Q

right and left halfs of the cerebrum

A

cerebral hemispheres

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8
Q

comprises most of the anterior half of the cerebrum

A

Frontal Lobe

in charge of personality and contraction of skeletal muscle

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9
Q

the top, posterior portion of the cerebrum

A

Pariatal Lobe

associated with speech, emotions, and visual interpetations

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10
Q

the lateral portion of the cerebrum

A

temproal Lobe

associateed with memory memory, hearing, and visual activities

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11
Q

found deep beneath the lateral sulcus

A

Insula lobe

Inside

associated with memory and interpetation of taste

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12
Q

most posterior portion of the cerebrum

A

Occipital Lobe

associated with interpetation of visual images and eye movement

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13
Q

deep grove that seperates the right and left hemisheres, follows the sagital suture line

A

Longitudinal Fissure

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14
Q

devides brain in a trasverse section; follows the squames suture

A

lateral sulcus

separates the frontal from the temporal lobes

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15
Q

divides the brain in a coronal section

A

Central Sulcus

separates the frontal from the patiatal lobes

farther back than you think it shoud be

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16
Q

can only be seen from the medial side of a saggital cut

A

parietooccipital sulcus

separates parietal and occipital lobes

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17
Q

a commissure connecting the two cerebral hemispheres, unifying awareness between them

A

corpus callosum

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18
Q

anterior portion of the corpus callosum

A

genu

genusis sit in the front

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19
Q

posterior portion of the corpus callosum

A

splenium

but it’s splendid to sit in the back

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20
Q

paired organ lateral and superior to third ventrical of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus

recives ans sends impulses to precise loatations within the cerebral lobes for interpretation

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21
Q

a small midline commissure connecting the right and left thalumus

A

interthalmic adhesion

(intermediate mass)

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22
Q

forms posterior root of diencephalon and covers the third ventrical, composed of penial gland and habenulear nucleus

A

epithalamus

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23
Q

located within the floor of the diencephalon or third ventrical,

A

Hypothalamus

provides control over the autonomic nervous sysyem and endocine system

beak of the bird

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24
Q

the stalk that connets the pituritaly gland to the hypothalamus

A

Infundibulum

the stem of the cherry

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25
Q

a small endocrine gland projecting inferiorly from hypothalumus and situated in the sella turcica; master gland

A

Pituitary gland

the cherry

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26
Q

two nodes loctated inferiorly to the third ventrical and superior and anterior to the pons

A

Mammiliary Bodies

function as a relay center for olfactory sensations

patriks testicles

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27
Q

a small hormone secreating gland in the posterior portion of the epithalumus, located superior to the corporal quadrigemina

A

pineal gland

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28
Q

located in the medial temporal lobe underneath the cortical surface, makes up part of the limbic system, plays a role in spatial navigation and long-term memory

A

hippocampus

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29
Q

consists of mid-brain; pons and medulla oblongota

A

brain stem

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30
Q

consists of cerebral peduncles anteriorly and he corpus quadrigemina posteriorly

A

midbrain

31
Q

white matter tracts linking the cerebrun with the pons; forms the ventral portion of the midbrain

A

cerebral peduncles’

patricks legs

Ped means foot, close to patricks feet

32
Q

four rounded elevations that form the dorsal protion of the midbrain

A

corpora quadrigemina

patricks butt

33
Q

larger than the inferior colliculus, responsible for visual reflexes

A

superior colliculus

34
Q

responsible for auditory reflexes, i.e. turning our heads towards a startling sound

A

inferior colliculus

35
Q

a mound inferior to the brain, caudal to the mid brain, contains respritory center

A

pons

body of partick

36
Q

protion of the brain stem between the pons and the spinal chord, redulates breathing heart beat and blood pressure

A

medulla oblongata

patrick’s head

37
Q

white matter tracts linking the cerabellum with the pons

A

Cerebellar peduncles

arms of patrick

38
Q

relativly large, posterior, inferior region of the brain involved in coordination and equalibreium

A

Cerebellum

39
Q

right or left half of the cerebellum

A

cerebellar hemisphere

40
Q

central structer between the cerebellar hemishperes

A

vermis

41
Q

portion of the cerebellum composed of white matter

A

arbor vitae

tree of life

42
Q

three distinct membranes that cover the brain and spinal chord for protection and for accomidation of blood vessals and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

Meninges

protector layers

43
Q

outermost membrane in direct contact with bones of skull; extends into the longituninal fissure of the brain and attches to the crista gali

A

Dura Mater

tough mother

ceiling of the membranes

44
Q

a net-like membrane located between the dura mater adn the pia mater

A

arachnoid mater

looks like spiderwebs criss-crossing between the ceiling and the floor

45
Q

highly vasular membrane which attaches directly to the brain and spinal chord and follows the contures, supports the blood vessels that supply the brain adn spinal chord, contributes to choroid plexus

A

pia mater

piano is small of quiet

floor of the membranes

one cell layer thick

46
Q

paired arteries originating from the subclavian ateries; passing through the transverse foramen and foramen magnum; uniting to form the basilar artery

A

Vertebral arteries

V for vertebral

headphones on patrick

47
Q

central artery anterior to the brain stem that branches to pons, cerebellum, and inner ear

A

basilar artery

48
Q

paired arteries orignating from the common carotid arteries passing through the carotid canal of the temporal bone

A

internal carotid arteries

mararonii noodles

49
Q

series of vessels the encircle the pituitary gland, uniting anterior and posterior circulations

A

cerebral aterial circle

(circle of Willis)

back up pathway for blood

50
Q

a clear fulid found in the vertiicles, central canal of the spinal chord, and subacachnoid space; serves as a portective cushion and a source of nourishment

A

cerebrospinal fluid

CSF

51
Q

paired chambers located deep with in each hemishpere below the corpus callosum

A

lateral ventricles

1 and 2

52
Q

a verticle membranous wall just inferiorer to the body of the corpus callosum seperating the two lateral venticles

A

septum pellucidum

53
Q

narrow ventricle located in the diencephalon between the right and left thalumus;

A

third ventricle

goes around the interthalamic adhesion

54
Q

canal-like stucture that connets the third ventricle to the fourth

A

mesencephalic aquaduct

(cerebral aquaduct)

55
Q

located un the brain stem posterior to the pons and anterior to the cerebellum, connects with the central canal of the spinal cord

A

fourth ventricle

the triangle beneath the branches of the tree

56
Q

a cluster of cappilaries found lining the ventricles; produce cerebral spinal fluid

A

Choroid Plexus

looks like chewed up gum

57
Q

a groove running the length of the spinal cord on the anterior aspect

A

anterior median fissure

all men fear

58
Q

a groove running the length of spinal cord on the posterior aspect

A

Posterior Medial Sulcus

PMS

59
Q

a canal that runs down the middle of the spinal column within the gray matter and is filled with cerebral spinal fluid

A

central canal

60
Q

found on the inner portion of the spinal cord is a mixture of ummyelinated association neurons, nerve cell bodies, and neurogila

A

gray matter

61
Q

the anterior “arms” of gray matter that contain cell bodies of motor or association (inter) neurons

A

anterior horns

big bulge; don’t reach the end

62
Q

the lateral “arms” of gray matter that contain cell bodies of motor or association (inter) neurons

A

lateral horns

(model only; too small)

63
Q

the posterior “arms” of gray matter that contain axons of sensory neurons and cell bodies of association (inter) nerons

A

Posterior horns

long and skinny and reach all the way to the edge

64
Q

outer portion of the spinal cord composed primarly of myelinated axons and of sensory (acending) and motor (desending) neurons

A

White matter

65
Q

anterior columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts

A

anterior funiculi

66
Q

lateral columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts

A

lateral funiculi

67
Q

poterior columns of the white matter of the spinal cord containing fiber tracts

A

posterior funiculi

68
Q

a bundle of sensory afferent nerve cell bodies

A

dorsal root ganglion

69
Q

an automatic response bt the nervous system to protects the body or to retururn a system to homeostasis; composed of a receptor, sensory (afferent) neuron, association (inter) neuron, moter (efferent) neuron, and an effector

A

reflex arc

70
Q

the electrical impulse is initiated here and then sent to the CNS, an example is the dedritic ending associated with the skin

A

receptor

71
Q

conducts an inpulse from a recetor organ such as the skin to the spinal cord

A

sensory (afferent) neuron

a for arriving in the posterior of the spinal cord

72
Q

associated with the center of the reflex arc, the actual sensory motor arc

A

association (inter) neuron

73
Q

conducts the impulse away from the CNS to the effector organ such as a gland or a muscle

A

motor (efferent) neuron

E is for exiting out the anterior side of the spinal cord

74
Q

recives the impulse from the moter (efferent) neuron and then reponds, i.e. a muscle

A

effector

Human Anatomy (10 decks)

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