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Level 2 PT Course > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

valsalva effect on heart

A

-decreased return of blood to heart, reduced cardia output -abnormal elevation of blood pressure and heart rate

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2
Q

3 types of blood vessels

A

arteries, veins and capillaries

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3
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

blood to and from lungs RV>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary veins>heart

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4
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood pumped from heart to aorta in one minute (stroke volume x heart rate)

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5
Q

overload principle

A
  • places stress on heart and lungs
  • stimulated adaptation where heart becomes more efficient at pumping blood in each beat
  • strkoe volume increases
  • heart rate decreases
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6
Q

stroke volume during exercise

A

increases to meet needs

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7
Q

fit stroke volume

A

100-110ml per beat

-super fit, closer to 200ml

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8
Q

average stroke volume

A

70-80ml per beat

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9
Q

High diastolic BP

A

over 100

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10
Q

target heart rate

A

60-70bpm

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11
Q

blood cycle

A

Body>vena cava>RA>RV>pulmonary artery>lungs>pulmonary vein>LA>LV>aorta>body

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12
Q

pulmonary artery

A

deoxygenated blood form body to lungs

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13
Q

tricuspid valve

A

opens when RA contracts

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14
Q

right atrium

A

receives blood from vena cava & sends to RV

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15
Q

sinoatrial node

A

pacemaker

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16
Q

aortic valve

A

allows oxygenated blood into the aorta

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17
Q

pulmonary valve

A

prevents backflow of blood from RV to pulmonary artery

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18
Q

left ventricle

A

pumps blood to body via aorta

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19
Q

left atrium

A

receives blood from pulmonary vein

-sends blood to left ventricle

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20
Q

systolic BP

A

pressure exerted on artery walls when ventricles contract and pump blood to arteries

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21
Q

vena cava

A
  • largest vein in body
  • blood from the body to heart
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22
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

pressure exerted on artery walls when ventricles fill between heartbeats

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23
Q

arteries

A
  • carry blood away from heart to capilleries
  • further from heart they become arterioles
  • thick muscle walls, smooth muscle, elastic tissue, small internal diameter
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24
Q

decreased blood pressure

A

venous return decreases heart has less blood to pump, heart contracts less forecefully

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25
Q

high end of normal BP

A

120/80-140/90

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26
Q

Low BP

A

90/60 or lower

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27
Q

Blood pressure

A

amount of pressure exerted on artery walls as blood moves through

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28
Q

white coat hypertension

A

BP rise from doctor’s office

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29
Q

Blood pressure reading

A

systolic/diastolic

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30
Q

veins

A

carry blood back to heart

  • low pressure, rely on muscles to help blood return
  • one way valves
  • hold 2/3 of circulating blood
31
Q

aorta

A

blood to body

-largest artery

32
Q

what is the largest artery?

A

aorta

33
Q

venous return

A

process of returning blood to the heart

34
Q

capilleries

A
  • smallest blood vessels
  • connect arterioles to venules
  • slow blood flow
  • exchange of materials between blood and tissues
35
Q

BP variation through the day

A

lowest early morning, rises through the day

36
Q

Why is blood pressure important?

A

key to move blood through smaller capilleries and push against gravity

37
Q

diffusion

A

exchange of materials between blood vessels and tissues

38
Q

4 chambers of heart

A

R and L ventricle

R and L atrium

39
Q

hypertension

A

high BP- greater force on artery walls

40
Q

pressure in large arteries

A

keeps blood moving against gravity and forces blood through small capilleries

41
Q

high BP

A

140/90 and up

42
Q

pulmonary vein

A
  • only vein to carry oxygen
  • blood from lungs
43
Q

arteries that leave the heart

A

aorta and pulmonary artery

44
Q

2 main veins that enter the heart

A

vena cava and pulmonary vein

45
Q

venules

A

smallest veins

46
Q

Normal BP

A

90/60-120/80

47
Q

Hypertension symptoms

A

dull headache, dizziness, nosebleeds

48
Q

hypertension risk age

A

45 for men, 65 for women

49
Q

ventricles are

A

larger and inferior

50
Q

ventricles

A

pump blood out of heart

51
Q

atria

A

collect blood returning to heart

52
Q

systemic circuit

A

blood to the body

53
Q

pulmonary circuit

A

deoxygenated bloood to lungs

54
Q

which side of the heart is the deoxygenated blood in

A

right side

55
Q

plasma

A

surrounds blood cells and helps transport co2, hormones and metabolic waste

56
Q

red blood cells

A

o2 carriers

57
Q

white blood cells

A

produce antibodies and help destroy microorganisms

58
Q

4 components of blood

A

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

59
Q

platelets

A

clump together to form clots and protect body

60
Q

what color is deoxygenated blood

A

blueish

61
Q

are ventricles or artiums larger

A

ventricles

62
Q

are ventricles superior or inferior

A

superior

63
Q

tricuspid valve

A

valve between RA and RV

64
Q

systemic circulation

A

flow of blood from left side of heart to all parts of body and back to right side of heart

65
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

flow of blood from right side of heart to lungs and back to left side

66
Q

pulmonary

A

lungs

67
Q

high blood pressure stage 2

A

160/100 or higher

68
Q

hypertensive crisis

A

180/110 or more

69
Q

red blood cells

A

transport o2 around body

70
Q

what part of blood fights infection

A

white blood cells

71
Q

what part of blood clots

A

platelets

72
Q

what part of blood is the liquid part?

A

plasma

73
Q
A

Level 2 PT Course (10 decks)

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