Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Righ aruicle

Right atrium

A
  • muscular pouch that increases capacity
  • overlaps ascending aorta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Coronary sinus

Right atrium

A

receives blood from coronary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sinus venarum of Right atrium

location

A
  • Smooth area
  • SVC level at 3rd intercostal space
  • IVC level at 5th intercostal
  • Coronary sinus located between right AV orifice and IVC orifice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Crista terminalis

of right atrium

A

ridge that separates the sinus venarum and pectinate muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pectinate muscles and interatrial septum

A
  • Pectinate muscles are the muscular wall
  • Interartial septum
    • separates atria
    • oval fossa- remnant of of the fetal foramen ovale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tricuspid Valve

location

description

Cordae tendineae

normal valve opening measurements

A
  • R atrioventricular valve (AV)
  • Three cusps- anterior, septal, and posterior
  • Cordae tendineae
    • attach to anterior, septal, and posterior papillary muscles
    • prevent valve from prolapsing during ventricular contraction (systole)
    • papillary muscles contract slightly before ventricle to draw cusps together
  • normal valve opening 4-6 cm2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Conus arteriosus

RV

A
  • leads to pulmonary trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trabeculae carneae

RV

A

Irregular muscular elevations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Papillary muscles

RV

A

connect to chordae tendinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Intraventricular septum

RV

A

Separates Left and Right ventricles

***bulges into the right ventricle due to increased pressure in left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

RV

A
  • Carries part of the right bundle branches of the AV bundle to the anterior papillary muscle
  • Facilitates conduction time and allows for coordinated contraction of the anterior papillary muscle.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pulmonary valve

location

normal opening

A
  • Semilunar valve
  • apex of the conus ateriosus at 3rd costal cartilage
  • Three cusps- anterior, right, and left
  • Normal valve opening: 2 cm2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Left Atrium

parts and description

A
  • Left auricle
    • overlaps pulmonary trunk
    • contains pectinate muscles
  • Four valve less pulmonary veins
    • Right and left superior and inferior
    • posterior wall
  • slightly thicker wall than right atrium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitral Valve

location

of cusps

normal valve opening

A
  • Bicuspid valve, Left AV valve
  • 4th costal cartilage
  • two cusps- anterior and posterior
  • Cordae/tendineae and papillary muscles
  • Normal valve opening 4-6 cm2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Left Ventricle

parts and function

A
  • Walls are 2-3 times thicker than right ventricle
  • Trabeculae carneae
    • finer but more numerous than RV
  • Anterior and posterior papillary muscles
    • larger than those in right ventricle
  • Aortic vestibule
    • smooth walled area leading to aortic orifice
  • Aortic orifice
    • outflow to ascending aorta
    • contains aortic valve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aortic valve

location

of cusps

location of coronary sinuses

normal valve opening

A
  • Semilunar valve
  • Apex of the aortic vestibule
  • Three cusps- left, right, and posterior
  • Aortic sinus just superior to the cusps, at the start of the ascending aorta
  • normal valve opening: 2.5-4.5 cm2
17
Q

Which aortic sinuses contain openings of coronary arteries?

A
  • Right aortic sinus contains the opening of the right coronary artery
  • Left aortic sinus contains the opening of the left coronary artery
  • posterior aortic sinus does not contain a coronary artery
18
Q

Where do you listen to hear the S1 heart sound?

A
  • Tricuspid valve
    • near left sternal border in the 5th intercostal space
  • Mitral valve
    • apex of the heart in 5th intercostal space, midclaviclular line
19
Q

Where do you listen to hear the S2 heart sound?

A
  • Aortic valve
    • 2nd intercostal space, Right of sternal border
  • Pulmonary valve
    • 2nd intercostal space, left of sternal border
20
Q

Where does the blood supply for endocardium come from?

A

supplied by blood in the chambers of the heart

21
Q

What is the difference between a Right dominant system and a left dominant system?

A

Whichever side is “dominant” is the coronary artery that feeds the posterior interventricular branch

22
Q

Right coronary artery

Arises from

typically supplies

A
  • arises from the Right aortic sinus
  • typically supplies:
    • RA
    • most of RV
    • part of LV
    • part of IV septum (posterior third)
    • SA node (60% of people)
    • AV node (89% of people)
23
Q

What are the branches off the Right Coronary artery

A
  • Sinu-atrial nodal branch
    • SA node
  • Right marginal branch
    • Right border of the heart
  • AV nodal branch
    • Crux of the heart- junction of septa and walls of the four chambers
    • AV node
24
Q

Left coronary artery

arises from

location

typically supplies

A
  • Arises from left aortic sinus
  • runs along the coronary sinus
  • typically supplies
    • LA
    • most of the LV
    • part of RV
    • most of the IV septum (anterior two thirds)
    • AV bundle of conducting tissue
    • SA node in 40% of people
25
Q

Great cardiac vein

location and empties into

A
  • close proximity to LAD and circumflex
  • empties into coronary sinus
26
Q

Middle cardiac vein

location

empties into

A
  • close proximity to posterior interventricular branch
  • empties into coronary sinus
27
Q

Small cardiac vein

location

empties into

A
  • close proximity to RCA
  • empties into coronary sinus
28
Q

Coronary sinus

empties into

A

empties into right atrium

29
Q

Anterior cardiac veins empty directly into ______

A

RA

30
Q

conducting path

A
  • SA node
  • Internodal tracts to depolarize atria
  • AV node
  • Bundle of His
  • Bundle branches
  • Purkinje fibers
31
Q

Sympathetic pathway to innervate heart

A
  • presynaptic fibers with bodies in intermediolateral cell colums T1-T5
  • postsynaptic fibers with bodies in the cervical and superior thoracic paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunks
  • Post synaptic fibers end in the SA and AV nodes (close to coronary arteries)
  • Increase HR and contractility
  • dilate coronary arteries by inhibiting constriction
32
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the heart

A
  • Superficial and deep cardiac plexuses
  • presynaptic fibers of CN X
  • Postsynaptic cell bodies located near SA and AV nodes and along coronary arteries
  • slows HR and decreased contractility
  • constricts coronary arteries
33
Q
A

Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions