Heart Flashcards
Heart location
in the media stienum from the sternum and vertebral column between the lungs, on top of the diaphragm
Pericardium
serous membrane surrounding the heart
outer layer of pericardium
Parietal layer: attached to the fibrous pericardium
what are the pericardial layers
3 layers. Fibrous pericardium->parietal layer of serous pericardium-> pericardial cavity-> epicardium(visceral layer of serous pericardium)
Pericardial cavity
Cavity between the parietal layer and visceral/epicardium layer of serous pericardium
Outermost layer of the pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
outermost layer of serous pericardium
Parietal layer
Epicardium
Visceral layer, deepest layer of serous pericardium and also first layer of the heart wall.
layers of the heart wall
epicardium->myocardium->endocardium
Muscle layer of the heart wall
Myocardium
part of both serous pericardium and heart wall
epicardium/visceral layer of serous pericardium
what veins allow blood to enter the heart
3 ways: superior vena cava (above), inferior vena cava (below), coronary sinus (blood from heart muscle)
where does blood enter the heart
all blood enters the right atrium
Atria
Upper chambers of the heart
auricle
a wrinkled pouch-like part of the atria
Ventricles
lower chambers of the heart, does the major pumping of blood
which part of the heart does the major pumping
ventricles
indentations in the heart are called
sulcus
feature of the heart that has boundaries marked by blood vessels
Sulcus
Coronary sulcus
relatively deep boundary between atria and ventricles
anterior interventricular sulcus
shallow sulcus between the R and L ventricle
Posterior interventricular sulcus
connects to the Ant. interventricular sulcus
Features of the right atrium
Posterior wall relatively smooth
Anterior wall roughness caused by pectinate muscles
Interatrial septum
divides the R from L atrium, has fossa ovalis (left over from the fetal opening foramen ovalea)
how does blood leave the right atrium
The tricuspid valve pens into the right ventricle
Heart valve features
made of dense CT and covered by endocardium
Right ventricle features
has ridges of cardiac muscle known as trabeculae carnier which makes it bumpy
trabeculae carnier
ridges of cardiac muscle in the right ventricle
Interventricular septum
Divides the right and left ventricle
which ventricle has a thinner myocardium
the right ventricle because it doesn’t need as much pressure to push blood from the heart to the lungs
where does blood exit the right ventricle
the pulmonary valve (semilunar valves) opens to the pulmonary trunk
What does the pulmonary trunk divide into
the R and L pulmonary arteries, goes to R and L lungs
