Heart Flashcards
the myocardium of the atria forms what type of muscles?
Pectinate muscles- series of horizontal ridges
what forms the posterior wall of the right atrium?
The interatrial septum
the interatrial spetum contains a shallow shaped depression called..
the fossa ovalis
to where does the coronary sinus open into
the right atrium
what seperates the right atrium and ventricle and what supplies blood to the right atria and ventricle
seperates by atrio ventricular groove (atrioventricular valves)- tricupsid valve
blood supply from right coronary artery
the right and left ventricle wall contain a series of muscular ridges called. difference between ones in right and left
trabeculae carnae. ones in left are more well developed.
describe the connection of the tricuspid valve with the ventricular wall. (2 structures)
chordae tendinae connect the tricuspid valve to the papillary muscles, which are connected with the ventricular wall
3 cusps of tricuspid valve
anterior, posterior and septal
what are the chordae tendinae
connect tricuspid valves to papillary muscles. they are collagenous chords which prevent the cusps from being everted whent the ventricle contracts
the cavity of the right ventricle continues upwards and narrows into a funnel shaped structure called the …. this then reached the pulmonary trunk
pulmonary conus
what seperates the pulmonary conus from the pulmonary trunk?
the pulmonary semilunar valves
where does the left atrium lie
posterior to the right atrium. (behind it) posterior surface o rbase of the heart.
which part of the left atrium is NOT smooth walled
the auricle: has muscular ridges called muculi pectinati
which vessels do NOT have valves
pulmonary veins and vena cavae. there are no valves on veins entering the heart
how many pulmonary veins are there
4, 2 on each side, on top of each other
valve seperating the left atrium and ventricle
mitral valve. bicuspid atrioventricular valves. seperated as anterior and posterior
how many papillary muscles are there in the right ventricle vs left ventricle
3 in RV in 2 LV
in a cross section of the lumen, what shapes are the RV and LV and why
RV is crescentic and the LV is circular, since the inter ventricular sptum bulges into the RV
2 parts of the interventricular spetum
membrane part: upper part; smoother, thinner more fibrous
muscular: lower part thick
3 cusps of aortic semilunar valve
right left and posterior
type of heart disease found in 1-2% of the population
bicuspid aortic valve disease. can cause problems later on in life if it gets calcified, which may lead to varying degrees of severity of aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation,,, manifest as heart murmurs
mention the aortic sinuses and to what they lead to
left sinus- gives rise to left coronary artery
right sinus- gives rise to right coronary artery
posterior sinus- no vessel arise from here and therefore known as non coronary sinus.
parts of the conducting system of the heart
sino atrial node
atrioventricular node
atrio ventricular bundle of his
right and elft bundle branches
purkinje fibres (subendocardial)
location of the SA node
located subepicardially in the right atrium wall just below the superior vena cava
location of the AV node
in the right atrium on the interatrial spetum
