Thoracic Cavity Flashcards
boundaries of the thoracic wall
12 vertebrae
12 ribs and their costal cartilages
sternum
floored by highly convex diaphragm
roofed by suprapleural membrane at lung apices
3 types of ribs
1-7 true ribs- vertebrosternal ribs- connected to vertebral column, and to sternum via costal cartilages
8-10 - false ribs- vertebrochondral ribs- have their cartilage attached to cartilage of rib above them
11-12 floating ribs
articulations of the ribs
rib 1,11,12 articulate with their respective vertebra
and ribs 2-10 articulate with their vertebrae and the one above
boundaries of the thoracic inlet
anteriorly: manubrium (top of sternum)
laterally: 1st rib and costal cartilage
posteriorly: 1st thoracic vertebra
parts of a typicla rib
head
flattened neck
tubercle
angle
curved body/shaft
costal groove
head of rib
has two articular facets for the 2 adjacent vertebrae
tubercle of typical rib
articulates with lower of the 2 articulated vertebrae; transverse process and the costotransverse ligament
angel of typical rib
point just lateral to the tubercle where the shaft bends forward
costal groove of typical rib
sharp lower border of the shaft, has neurovascular bundle
shortest, flattest, broadest, most curved rib that has an upper and lower surface with outer and inner borders
first rib
parts of the first rib
head with 1 articular facet, neck, tubercle, subclavian artery and subclavian vein groove seperated by the scalene tubercle
first rib joins the manubrium sternii via what joint
by a primary cartilaginous joint
parts of the sternum
manubrium, body and xiphoid process
Manubrium markings; attahcments etc
-jugular nothc at the top
- concavity for sterno clavicular joints on the side
- primary costal cartilage at lateral border
- sternohyoid and sternothyroid attachment sites
the sternum has articular facets all along its lateral border for which costal cartilages?
2nd-7th - these are all synovial joints
the upper 7 costal cartilages articulate with the sternum via what joints?
via the sternocostal joints
what joints are used by the 8-10th costal cartilages to articulate together?
they artiulate with each other via interchondral joints, and the 8th articulates with the 7th
origin, insertion, innervation, of the pectoralis major
orgin: from sternum and costal cartilages 2-4
insertion into humerus
innervation by medial and lateral pectoral nerves
origin, insertion, innervation of pectoralis minor
orignates from 3,4,5th ribs
inserts into the coracoid process fo the scapula
innervates by medial pectoral nerve
origin of rectus abdominus
xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5,6,7
the external oblique is attached to the external surface of what ribs
lowest 8 ribs
anterior and posterior attachments of the diaphragm
anterior- xiphoid process
posterior-below 12th vertebrae
origins of the diaphragm
-right and left crura (attachemtn to vertebra)
-median, medial and lateral arcuate ligament
-inner surface of lower 6 ribs and costal cartilages
-posterior surface of xiphesternum
parts of the thoracic vertebrae
body, superior and inferior demifacets, pedicle, lamina, superior and inferior articulate processes, transverse processes, spinous process, superior and inferiior notches, vertebral canal and intervertebral discs.
where are the nuerovascular bundles
they travel in the costal groove of the ribs between the internal and innermost intercostals
direction of fibres in external intercostal muscles
directed from superior and lateral (top back ) to inferior and medial(front and down)
anteriorly, the external intercostal loses its fleshy tissue and becomes :
a transparent membrane called the external intercostal membrane
internal intercostal fibre direction
perpendicular to those of the external
posteriorly, the internal intercostals gradually thins and forms:
internal intercostal membrane
