Hearing part 2

Question 1

What is tonotopic organization?

Answer 1

All auditory neurons, cochlea to auditory cortex are arranged according to an orderly map of sound frequencies (labeled lines vibes)

Question 2

Infrasound

Answer 2

very low frequency, below 20 threshold for human hearing

Question 3

Ultrasound

Answer 3

very high frequency, beyond 20,000 Hz for young adult hearing

Question 4

What is place coding theory?

Answer 4

sound pitch determined by location of activated hair cells along basilar membrane in cochlea

Question 5

In place coding theory, how is the base of the cochlea described? What types of pitches does it response to?

Answer 5

narrow + stiff, responds to high frequencies

Question 6

In place coding theory, how is apex of cochlea described? What types of pitches does it respond to?

Answer 6

wide + floppy, responds to low freqs

Question 7

What is temporal coding theory?

Answer 7

pitch of sound determined by rate of firing of auditory neurons

Question 8

What are interneural intensity differences (IIDs)?

Answer 8

comparison of intensity or loudness of a sound between left and right ears

Question 9

What are inter neural temporal differences (ITDs)?

Answer 9

diffs in time of arrival of sounds between two ears, one eat always little closer to sound than other

Question 10

What is the process by which hills+valleys of external ear alter the amplitude of some freq in sound?

Answer 10

spectral filtering

Question 11

True or false: the auditory cortex does not experience neuroplasticity

Answer 11

False; it does

Question 12

What type of deafness is this: ear fails to convert sound vibration in air into waves of fluid in cochlea; defects in external or middle ear; ossicles may be fused together

Answer 12

Conduction deafness

Question 13

Hearing aids, surgery to separate/replace ossicles are treatments for what type of deafness

Answer 13

Conduction deafness

Question 14

What type of deafness: ear fails to convert ripples created in basilar membrane into action potentials; deficits in inner ear

Answer 14

Sensorineural deafness

Question 15

Cochlear implants are treatments for what type of deafness

Answer 15

Sensorineural deafness

Question 16

What type of deafness: auditory areas of brain fail to process + interpret APs from sound stimuli in meaningful ways; can hear normal tones, can’t interp speech

Answer 16

Central deafness

Question 17

What are the diff types of central deafness?

Answer 17

Word deafness (selective trouble comprehending speech sounds) + Cortical deafness (difficulty recognizing verbal/nonverbal complex sounds)