Healthy active living

Question 1

what is the leading cause of youth hockey injuries

Answer 1

bodychecking

Question 2

policy should delay bodychecking until what age for elite players

Answer 2

13-14 (bantam league)

Question 3

Hockey Canada’s four-stage skill development program for bodychecking

Answer 3

body positioning
angling
stick checking
body contact

Question 4

what does the CPS recommend in terms of bodychecking for non competitive leagues

Answer 4

Eliminating bodychecking from all levels of organized recreational/non-elite competitive male ice hockey.

Question 5

How much screen time is recommended <2 yo

2-4yo

Answer 5

<2: none

2-4: <1h/day

Question 6

how much structured/unstructured activity should a child age 1-4 have

Answer 6

180 minutes per day (any intensity)

Question 7

how much screen time and physical activity age 5-9

Answer 7

<2h/day screen time (recommended for everyone above 5 years of age)
60 minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity
vigorous activity at least 3d per week
muscle strengthening activity at least 3 d per week

Question 8

what is the passport to health

Answer 8

5 servings fruits/veggies, 2h max screen time, 1h physical activity, and zero-sugar sweetened beverages

Question 9

what are some strategies to improve healthy active living

Answer 9

Remove television sets and computers from bedrooms
avoid eating in front of TV
replace screen time with physical activity
avoid sitting for prolonged periods of time, active transportation
games that promote physical activity

Question 10

what is a strategy to recommend if they say they are too out of shape for physical activity

Answer 10

start slow- 10 minutes

Question 11

what are some psychosocial factors that may be contributing to their child’s or adolescent’s obesity (6)

Answer 11

stress
bullying
depression
low self-esteem
suffering neglect or maltreatment
weight bias- overweight children are often bullied

Question 12

what are some psychosocial consequences of obesity (4)

Answer 12

mental health
self esteem
body image
lower quality of life

Question 13

is boxing recommended for children and adolescents?

Answer 13

no!!
The Canadian Paediatric Society and the American Academy of Pediatrics oppose boxing as a sport for children and adolescents.

Question 14

what is the most common injury associated with boxing

Answer 14

concussion

Question 15

what is the most common cause of death associated with boxing injuries

Answer 15

subdural hemorrhage

Question 16

what is the most significant risk associated with boxing

Answer 16

brain injury

Question 17

Do head guards or mouth guards prevent concussion?

Answer 17

No evidence that they do!

Question 18

what causes Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

Answer 18

repeated blows to the head

There is ample evidence indicating a cumulative effect from repeated concussive injuries

Question 19

what investigations should be done for children involved in boxing

Answer 19

preparticipation medical examinations
regular neurocognitive testing
regular ophthalmologic examinations

Question 20

what is the graduated return to play protocol

Answer 20

1. No activity (recovery)
2. Light aerobic activity (to increase HR)
3. sport specific activity (add movement)
4. non contact training drills (exercise coordination)
5. full contact practice (restore confidence)
6. return to play

Question 21

if there is a history of neck arthritis what should you screen for prior to starting contact sports

Answer 21

C1-C2 instability

Question 22

what are some benefits to exercise for hemophilia

risk?

Answer 22

increases bone mineral density
aerobic activity may improve coagulation
regular activity is associated with fewer bleeding episodes

risk: life threatening bleed with collision sports

Question 23

when does exercise induced bronchospasm occur?

how to prevent?

Answer 23

within 15min, resolves within 60 minutes

treat with ventolin 15-30 min prior to exercise

Question 24

what is one benefit and risk of exercise for asthma

Answer 24

may decrease exercise induced bronchospasm

risk of exercise induced bronchospasm, exposure to triggers

Question 25

what is required for a diagnosis of exercise induced bronchospasm

Answer 25

decrease in FEV1 by 10-15% after 6-8 minute challenge and a positive response to beta 2 agonist

Question 26

what are the benefits of exercise for cystic fibrosis

Answer 26

slower deterioration in lung function and greater survival improves mucous clearance improves endurance of respiratory muscles

Question 27

what are the exercise recommendations for CF

Answer 27

they should participate in any physical activity. they should have exercise programs that include strength training. Require supervised or unsupervised home exercises that elevate heart rate by 70% to 80% of maximum to increase aerobic exercise tolerance. If they cough during exercise, they should not necessarily stop activity. Those with severe CF should undergo exercise testing to identify maximal heart rate, levels at which oxygen desaturation and ventilation limits occur, exercise-related bronchospasm and response to therapy. Should absolutely avoid scuba diving** Should drink flavoured sodium chloride-containing fluids above thirst levels to prevent hyponatremic dehydration. Those with diabetes mellitus require additional carbohydrates during prolonged exercise. With an enlarged spleen or diseased liver should avoid contact or collision sports.

Question 28

What are some physical signs of concussion (11)

Answer 28

``` headache nausea/vomiting dizziness amnesia LOC photophobia photophobia visual disturbance loss of balance poor coordination decreased playing ability ```

Question 29

what are some behavioral signs of concussion (5)

Answer 29

``` irritability emotional lability sadness anxiety inappropriate emotions ```

Question 30

what are some cognitive signs of concussion (6)

Answer 30

``` delayed reaction time difficulty concentrating difficulty remembering confusion feeling in a fog feeling dazed ```

Question 31

what are some sleep signs of concussion (4)

Answer 31

drowsiness difficulty falling asleep sleeping more sleeping less

Question 32

what is the graduated return to learn protocol (5)

Answer 32

1. cognitive rest- Decrease and limit cognitive tasks and screen time at home. No school. 2. increase cognitive activities- As symptoms improve, slowly increase cognitive tasks at home in 15 min to 20 min increments. 3. modified school attendance- start with 1/2 days or only certain subjects. Limit homework to 15-20 min intervals 4. increase school attendance- gradually increase to full days. Limit of 1 test per day 5. return to play- Once symptom-free and back to full-time school attendance without accommodations, the student can start with graduated return to play

Question 33

what is the graduated return to play protocol

Answer 33

1. No activity 2. light aerobic activity 3. sport specific exercise 4. Non-contact training drills 5. full contact practice 6. return to play