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Community Health > Health Systems Management > Flashcards

Health Systems Management Flashcards

1
Q

Define management

A

It is getting things done through people in order to achieve objectives using available resources efficiently

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2
Q

State 5 components of the management process

A

Planning
Organization
Staffing
Leadership or directing
Controlling

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3
Q

What is planning in management process concerned with x4

A

Planning is forecasting future action
The future
Defined goals
Making choices
Effective and efficient use of resources

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4
Q

State three examples of planning tools

A

HSSP- health sector strategy plan
DIP- district implementation process
Daily work plan and log of activities

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5
Q

Define organization

A

Systematic arrangement of people and resources to accomplish the desired goals

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6
Q

Define organization and what it involves in management process x3

A

Organization- a systematic arrangement of people and resources to accomplish the desired goals.

Assessment and allocation of resources
Budget and financial management
Policies and protocols

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7
Q

Define leadership and what it involves in management process

A

A process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal
It involves decision making, team work, supervision and delegation

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8
Q

Define controlling and what it involves in management process

A

A process of monitoring performance and taking action to ensure desired results
It involves setting standards, communication and follow up

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9
Q

Define decentralization

A

The transfer of power, authority, resources and responsibilities to levels of government below the central government

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10
Q

Define public policy and state when it is formulated

A

It is what a government decides to do or not to do
It is formulated when there is a problem that requires government attention and action

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11
Q

State the decentralization policy objectives x3

A
  1. To create a democratic environment facilitating participation of the grassroots in decision making
  2. To promote accountability and good governance at local levels
  3. To mobilize the masses for socioeconomic development at local level
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12
Q

State 4 functions of the Malawi deliberative district council

A
  1. To make policy and decisions on local governance and development
  2. To promote local democratic institutions and participation
  3. To mobilize resources within and outside the district
  4. To promote economic development through approval of district development plan
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13
Q

State two functions of the district executive committee in Malawi

A

To give options on various issues
To provide professional advice to the district council

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14
Q

Describe ADC -Area development committee and its functions x2

A

The village development committee under the TA
1. Determine development interventions required in the area
2. Mobilize community resources

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15
Q

How can decentralization be more effective x3

A

Communication
Collaboration
Coordination

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16
Q

Define health system

A

All the structures, resources, policies and processes needed to ensure the health of a population

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17
Q

What are some of the services or procedures a health system may include x5

A

Direct service delivery to the population
Supporting services that make delivery possible
Financial arrangements
Health workforce and the development
Physical infrastructure

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18
Q

What is the overall functions of health system x3

A

Setting policies
Planning and allocation of resources
Monitoring performance

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19
Q

WHO health system framework x6

A

Good Service delivery
Health workforce - well performing
Health Information - well functioning
Medical products
Health financing system
Leadership or governance

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20
Q

What are the 4 goals or outcomes of WHO health system

A

Responsiveness
Improved health
Improved efficiency
Social and financial risk protection

21
Q

4 characteristics of a good health service

A

Effective
Safe
Good quality
Minimum wastage of resources

22
Q

Define a health policy

A

A statement of a decision regarding a goal in health care and a plan for achieving that goal

23
Q

What is the goal of Malawi growth and development strategy MGDS

A

To reduce poverty through sustained economic growth and infrastructure development

24
Q

State the basis at which the EHP essential health package is selected x2

A

Use of country’s epidemiological and disease profile
Cost effectiveness of the interventions

25
Q

State 4 goals of quarterly review of DIP

A

To make appropriate adjustments
To ensure participation of NGOs and development partners
To link reviews with evidence based decision making
To have a thorough review of the DIP

26
Q

Define epidemiology and state its 3 types

A

The study of health and disease in a population
Descriptive, analytic and experimental

27
Q

When can a cross sectional study be used in analytical epidemiology x2

A

When current values of exposure variables are unalterable overtime
When it represent values present at the initiation of disease eg blood group

28
Q

State one difference between choice of descriptive and analytical epidemiology

A

Descriptive is done when very little is known about the disease and analytical is done when there is some theoretical knowledge available

29
Q

What are the three components of a health policy

A

Objectives
Strategies
Goals

30
Q

Define essential health package

A

It is a set of prioritized but limited basic health services that focuses on the main causes of morbidity and mortality

31
Q

State the 5 decentralization structures in the district

A

District deliberative structure
District executive structure
Area development committee
Area executive committee
Village head committee

32
Q

Functions of the district health management team DHMT x4

A

Management
Planning
Monitoring and Evaluation
Supervision
Coordination

33
Q

State the PESTEL analysis and it’s purpose

A

It is a tool that is used to understand possible impact of external environment on a project
Political
Environmental
Social
Technological
Economical
Legislative

34
Q

Define PEARL and what its used for

A

It is used to assess if a problem is feasible or not
Propriety - is it your responsibility
Economics - does it make economic sense
Acceptability - will the community accept it
Resources- is funding available
Legality - is the program legal

35
Q

How to use PESTEL analysis in community diagnosis x3

A

Rate community health problems to a specific factor
Rank the health problems depending on the factor with much influence
Come up with the best interventions for the problem

36
Q

Define objective

A

A framework around which a program is constructed and amended

37
Q

State 5 objectives of Essential Health Package

A

Reduce the burden of disease
Contribute to poverty reduction
Tool for priority setting
Improve equitable access to health services
Increase the efficiency of the PH sector

38
Q

Primary health care purpose

A

It provides outreach activities such as health education, antenatal and postnatal care

39
Q

Purpose of secondary health care

A

It provides intermediary level of care such as surgical services for those dealing with obstetric emergencies and general medical conditions

40
Q

Purpose of tertiary hospitals x2

A

They provide medical and surgical care of the most complex medical conditions
Responsible for training and conducting research

41
Q

Challenges of HMIS Health management information systems x5

A

Poor data collection
Limited electronic health records
Communication networks are limited and expensive
Lack of motivation
Lack of skilled medical record professionals

42
Q

Conditions of a functioning health system x4

A

Governance
Financing
Human and physical resources
Organization and management of device delivery

43
Q

Components of a Health system x5

A

Direct service delivery to the population
Supporting services to make sure service delivery is possible
Health workforce and their development
Physical infrastructure for service delivery
Financial arrangements - insurance, funding, aid
System of regulation and licensing which protects the public

44
Q

Players involved in provision and financing of health services x4

A

Public non profit
Profit private sectors
International and bilateral donors
Foundations
Voluntary organizations

45
Q

State 4 roles of the district nursing officer

A

Mobilize resources
Ensure annual renewal of nurses licenses
Plan and implement nursing and care using critical thinking
Ensure good working environment for nurses
Report all issues concerning nursing to other departments of the DHMT

46
Q

State 5 roles of the human resource for health

A

Recruitment and selection
Performance and management
Compensation and benefits
Training and development
Employee relations

47
Q

What is the difference between essential and generic drugs

A

Essentials- drugs used to treat the most common conditions
Generics- drugs available in their chemical name and nature

48
Q

Describe the management of essential drugs by the pharmacy x4

A

Request and issue voucher used by those requesting the drug
Stock card to keep track of stock
Favorable storage conditions eg refrigerators
Physical inventory at the end of the month

Community Health (6 decks)

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