Health promotion and preventive measures: (Tengland)

Question 1

Define manifest health and basic health

Answer 1

Manifest health:
Consists of two kinds of states or processes:
- Well-being: mood, sensation
- Ability: basic abilities and dispositions that we acquire: Walking, think, feel etc

Basic health:
- The fundamental anatomical, physiological and psychological foundations that support the manifest health of the individuals

Question 2

Define Health Promotion

Answer 2

Positive conception of health

Emphasizes a holistic model, taking the whole individual in her context into account

Primarily deals with healthy populations.

Bottom up strategy: Participatory approach

• Promoting healthy choices - healthy lifestyle
• Improving health - control over own health (empowerment)
• Participation essential
• Provides the tools for people to get control on their health and lives

Question 3

Describe health promotion in Macro, meso and micro level

Answer 3

Macro level: (top-down macro changes)

• Health politics
• Public health interventions - change environment
• Legislations
• Fiscal policy

Meso level:

• Courses
• smaller communities
• Campaigns

Micro level:

• Individuel - face to face
• Encrease a persons knowledge or competencies so that they can maintain or increase health
• Education: Develop personal skills, to raise critical decision making concerning health

Question 4

Describe Disease prevention

Answer 4

Uses a negative definition of health = as the absence of disease.

It focuses on disease preventive efforts for risk-groups, and on early detection and treatment

Reduce sickness or risk factors in people

Top down strategy

Question 5

Describe Disease prevention on a primary, seconday and tertiary level

Answer 5

Primary level:
- Campaigns for everybody

Secondary level:
- Target group in risk for getting a disease

Tertiary level:
- Some one who already has the risk

Question 6

Can you prevent disease in a health promoting way?

Answer 6

Prevent disease by health promoting strategy
- increasing general health and increased resistance to different kinds of diseases

Disease preventing strategies mostly focus on a specific disease even if there is no disease the aim is often to reduce the risk of some specific future diseases