Health Promotion Flashcards
Define using WHO statement
Context of people’s lives determine their health therefore blaming for poor health or crediting for good health is inappropriate
What are the sociological critiques of promotion?
Structural-focuses on individuals and neglects other determinants
Surveillance-health workers involved so it’s not empowering
Consumption-privileges some lifestyles to promote healthy things
Who governs health promotion in UK since 2013?
Public Health England to protect and improve health and wellbeing and inequalities
What are the seven principles of health promotion?
Empowering-over determinants Participatory Holistic-mental, physical, social and spiritual Intersectoral Equitable-equity and justice Sustainable-once funding ends Multi-strategy
What are the five approaches to promotion?
Medical/preventive-encourages smokers to seek help Behaviour change-persuasive campaigns Education-poster Empowerment-patient centred and apps Social change-pubs smoke free
What are the three levels of promotion?
Primary-prevent onset of disease
Secondary-detect and treat disease/risk factors early
Tertiary-minimise effects of established disease
Give three examples of a primary prevention
Vaccines
Asbestos removal
Reduce health-related behaviours
Give three examples of a secondary prevention
Screening
Monitoring
Treating
Give three examples of a tertiary prevention
Transplants
Steroids for asthma
Increase their capabilities
Give six negative consequences of health promotion
Ethics of interfering in people's lives Victim blaming-plays down wider determinants Fallacy of empowerment-circumstances can't be changed Reinforcing -ve stereotypes Unequal distribution of responsibility Prevention paradox (lay beliefs interfere here)
How is health promotion evaluated?
Rigorous and systematic collection of data to assess effectiveness of programme in achieving desired outcomes
Assesses process, impact and outcome
What are the difficulties with evaluating health promotion schemes?
Lag time, design, confounders of other campaigns, high cost, delay-long time to see effect, decay-not sustainable outcome
Define determinants of health
Range of factors (physical, social, environmental, genetics, cultures, behaviour, character) that have powerful and cumulative effect on health of populations, communities and individuals
