Health Needs Assessment Flashcards
Who created the health needs hierarchy?
Maslow
What does the health needs hierarchy represent?
Basic physiological needs necessary from human life through to more spiritual needs
What are the 5 categories in the hierarchy of need?
Self actualisation Esteem Love and belonging Safety Physiological
Bradshaw’s taxonomy describes what?
They types of need
‘a need which is identified according to a norm. Such norms are generally set by experts’ - what type of need does this define?
Normative need
What is a comparative need?
Concerns problems which emerge by comparison with others who are not in need
Give an example of comparative need
Comparison of social problems in different areas based on income
What is a felt need?
A need which people feel
What is an expressed need?
The need which they say they have
As well as in the context of health needs assessment, what else is need described as?
A capacity to benefit
Why is need also classed as a capacity to benefit?
There is a limited value in identifying a need if there is nothing that the health care system can do about it
What is the difference between approach to health needs from Matthew and Buchan?
Matthew - Need for medical care exists when an individual has an illness or disability for which there is effective and acceptable treatment or care’ - i.e. do what you can
Buchan - ‘People in need of a health service are defined as those for whom an intervention produces a benefit at reasonable risk and acceptable cost’ - i.e. is it worth it?
What factors affect need?
Incidence
Prevalence
Anything that further influences the prevalence and incidence
What factors affect demand?
perception and knowledge of disease
consequences of disease
perceived quality of service
location of individual
What is the main factor affecting supply?
History of the particular service in question
Others inc. public and political pressure
Family planning and contraceptive services are examples of what in terms of need, demand and supply?
Need, but no demand or supply
A patient demanding antibiotics for a cold is an example of what in terms of need, demand and supply?
Demand but no need or supply
Give an example of supply but no need or demand
Health checks in people over 75
They are not usually requested but some GPs will provide them even though there is no research states benefits do not outweigh cost
Give an example of need and demand but no supply
Substance misuse
Common and associated with morbidity and mortality. Methadone programmes can reduce the risks of addiction and may increase the chance of giving up but it is not available for every patient
A patient with chronic insomnia requests and is given long acting sleeping tablets. In the long term this is not effective. What is this an example of in terms of need, supply and demand?
Demand and supply but no need
Hep B injections and flu vaccines are offered to healthcare staff for preventative reasons but some staff do not have them. This is an example of what in terms of need, supply and demand?
Supply and need but not demand
What is a health needs assessment?
A systemic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve and reduce inequalities
Why are health needs assessments carried out?
First step in improving the populations health Helps to priorities resources Creates an evidence based case Allows for reflection Can identify causes of health inequality Raises public understanding and awarness
Why is it important to involve stakeholders in a health needs assessment?
Bring expertise and perspectives
Have an input from the start and so are more likely to accept any recommendations that follow
More people working towards a common goal
