Health Indicators Flashcards
A measurement that reflects a given situation.
Indicator
Measurements that would allow us to infer the health status of a general or a specific
population
Health Indicator
The population that is being added
Natality
Indicators of Natality
- Birth rate
- General fertility rate
Availability of data to measure the indicator
Measurability and Feasibility
This is the ability of an indicator to measure
what it is intended to measure. It is linked to the accuracy of the data sources used and method of measurement.
Validity
Indicators should be compiled and
reported at the proper time, which it to say by the time they are needed for health-related decision-making
Timeliness
Measurements should be the same when
made by different people using the same methods
Replicability
This refers to the qualities needed for the indicator to be usable over a span of time
Sustainability
Indicators must provide information that is appropriate and useful for guiding policies and programs as well as for decision-making.
Relevance and Importance
The indicator must be understood by
those responsible for taking action, and, specifically, by those responsible for decision-making.
Comprehensible
Health Survey
Primary Data
Consensus
Secondary Data
Research
Secondary Data
The numerator is the absolute number of occurrences of the event being studies in a specified time
Rate
When the numerator is a subset of the denominator
Proportion
Health indicator is measured relatively per 10^n population.
Relative Measure
The number of new cases of a disease or other health condition, divided by the population at risk for the diseases (exposed population) in a specific place during a specified period of time
Incidence Rate
Measure of risk or attack rate.
Incidence Proportion
The proportion of people who newly developed a disease within a subset in a given population without disease at the beginning of the observation period
Incidence Proportion
This makes it difficult to interpret and compare data from different areas of a country or among different countries.
Poor Data Quality
The accuracy of medical diagnostic tests (probability of diagnostic errors, such as false positives and false negative) and the validity of the data collection instruments used in the surveys, as well as the coverage and quality of the information being used, can compromise the ____________
The validity of measurement instruments
The severity of a disease affects the probability of it being diagnosed and reported.
Disease Severity
Cultural perceptions affect health-seeking
behaviors and the manner in which different diseases are detected and managed by family members
Cultural Norms
The desire for confidentiality on the part of patients and the omission of events in reports
(e.g., cases of HIV, infection and illegal abortion) affect the accuracy of data
Confidentiality
The existence or absence of ____________ capable of generating reliable data from hospitals, outpatients, reportable diseases registries, cancer registries, and other sources can also affect the accuracy of data
Health Information Systems (HIS)
