Health, Fitness and Wellbeing

Question 1

What are physical reasons for participation in exercise?

Answer 1

improves heart functions
improved efficiency of body systems
reduces chances of illness
avoid obesity

Question 2

What are mental reasons for participation in exercise?

Answer 2

reduces stress
reduces tension
releases feel good hormones (e.g. serotonin)
better control over emotions
more happy, less depressed

Question 3

What are social reasons for participation in exercise?

Answer 3

opportunities to socialise
making new friends
cooperation increase
teamwork

Question 4

What does lifelong physical activity do to fitness?

Answer 4

increase fitness
lower chance of injury
aids the ability to work

Question 5

What is the expected amount of activity for children?

Answer 5

7 x 60min weekly

Question 6

What is the expected amount of activity for adults?

Answer 6

5 x 30mins weekly

Question 7

What is a sedentary activity?

Answer 7

a group of behaviours that occur whilst sitting or lying down

Question 8

What are consequences of sedentary lifestyles?

Answer 8

lethargy and fatigue
increase weight
obesity
heart disease
high blood pressure (hypertension)
diabetes (type 2)
poor sleep
decrease in self esteem

Question 9

What is obesity?

Answer 9

a BMI over 30

Question 10

What is the formula for BMI?

Answer 10

weight (Kg) / height^2 (m^2)

Question 11

What effect does obesity have on performance?

Answer 11

limits stamina
limits flexibility
acute pain
limits agility
limits speed and power
Danger to others

Question 12

what can obesity physically cause?

Answer 12

cancer
CHD
type 2 diabetes
high cholesterol

Question 13

what can obesity mentally cause?

Answer 13

depression
lower confidence
low self-esteem

Question 14

what can obesity socially cause?

Answer 14

may not be able to leave home
may lead to inability or tendency not to socialise

Question 15

What are the 3 extreme somatotypes?

Answer 15

endomorph
ectomorph
mesomorph

Question 16

What is the body shape of an endomorph?

Answer 16

pear shaped, triangle

Question 17

What sport may an endomorphic body be suitable?

Answer 17

rugby forward

Question 18

What is the body shape of an mesomorph?

Answer 18

wedge-shaped, upside down triangle

Question 19

What sport may an mesomorphic body be suitable?

Answer 19

swimming

Question 20

What is the body shape of an ectomorph?

Answer 20

slender frame, narrow shoulders and hips

Question 21

What sport may an ectomorphic body be suitable?

Answer 21

marathon

Question 22

What is energy use measured in?

Answer 22

calories, usually Kcal

Question 23

How much is 1 calorie?

Answer 23

the amount of energy required to increase 1g of water by 1 degree celsius

Question 24

How many calories does the average male require a day?

Answer 24

2500 Kcal

Question 25

How many calories does the average female require a day?

Answer 25

2000 Kcal

Question 26

What is the calorie intake daily dependant on?

Answer 26

gender
age
height
expenditure of energy

Question 27

What are the reasons for a balanced diet?

Answer 27

no single food contains all necessary nutrients
unused energy is stored (as fat) which can lead to obesity
to obtain suitable energy for activity
nutrients for growth and energy
hydration

Question 28

What 3 things are needed in a balanced diet?

Answer 28

nutrients, vitamins and minerals

Question 29

What are the proportions of a balanced diet?

Answer 29

carbs: 55-60%
fats: 25-30%
proteins: 15-20%

Question 30

What do vitamins + minerals do?

Answer 30

maintain efficiency of body systems

Question 31

What is hydration?

Answer 31

having enough water to enable normal functioning of the body

Question 32

What does dehydration do?

Answer 32

increases blood viscosity
increases blood pressure
increased and more irregular HR
increase in body temperature
slower reaction
loss of concentration
muscle cramps (caused by lack of electrolytes)
fatigue

Question 33

What drinks help with hydration?

Answer 33

water, isotonic drinks, hypertonic drinks