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Gcse PE > Health, Fitness And Wellbeing > Flashcards

Health, Fitness And Wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

What’s health ?

A

State of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing. Not merely the absence of disease

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2
Q

3 categories of health

A

Physical
Social
Mental

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3
Q

What’s physical health ?

A

Body systems working well, free from illness and injury

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4
Q

What’s mental health?

A

State of wellbeing in which an individual realises their potential and value . Can cope with normal stress of life

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5
Q

What’s social health ?

A

Basic human needs met. Friendship and support and value in society
Little stress in social situations

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6
Q

Physical health benefits …

A

-Improved heart function / health
-reduced risk of illness
-reduced risk of obesity

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7
Q

Mental health benefits …

A

-Reduce stress/ tension /depression
-helps someone control their emotions
-increased confidence

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8
Q

Social health benefits …

A

-Opportunity to make friends
-more confident in social situations
-develops teamwork

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9
Q

What’s fitness ….
Example …

A

-Ability to cope with the demands of your environment
Eg-someone with broken leg can go school but not play football

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10
Q

Improvements in fitness will….

A

-reduce chances of getting injured
-make you happier (mental benefit)
-make it easier to complete physical work

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11
Q

What’s a sedentary lifestyle ?

A

A lifestyle with little or no physical activity

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12
Q

Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle ?

A

-Poor sleep patterns
-Increased risk of diabetes
-increased risk of heart disease
-lower self esteem /confidence
-increased weight / risk of obesity

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13
Q

Impacts of obesity on
-fitness
-physical health
-mental health
Social health

A

Fitness- decreases cardiovascular endurance, reduced speed / power

Physical - increased risk of heart attacks m higher blood pressure

Mental health - lower self esteem, anxiety / stress

Social health - less likely to socialise, uncomfortable in social situations

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14
Q

What’s a somatotype ?
What factors does it consider?

A

Method of classifying body shapes / types
-fat %
-muscle %
-Height

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15
Q

Three extremes of somatotypes and what they are ..

A

Endomorph - fat
Mesomorph- muscular
Ectomorph - skinny

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16
Q

Endomorph characteristics …

A

-pear shaped body

-narrow shoulders

-wide hips

-high body fat %

-low centre of gravity

17
Q

Strengths of endomorphs and sports they’re good at…

A

-excellent in sports that require power and strength

-low centre of gravity means they’re difficult to move

-prop forward in rugby , shot putter

18
Q

Weaknesses of endomorphs …

A

Struggle in endurance events that require cardiovascular endurance as they carry excess fat

19
Q

Characteristics of a mesomorph …

A

-High % of muscle and low fat %

-broad shoulders

-narrow hips

20
Q

Strengths of mesomorphs …
Sports that benefit from a mesomorph physique ..

A

-High muscle % and low fat % means they’re suited to lots of sports

-excellent in sports that require speed, power and strength

-sprinters,weightlifters ,gymnasts

21
Q

Weaknesses of a mesomorph….

A

Struggle in endurance events due increased muscle mass

22
Q

Ectomorph characteristics …

A

-Tall and thin
-Low% of muscle and fat
-narrow hips and shoulders
-low centre of gravity

23
Q

Strengths of the Ectomorph physique …
Sports that would benefit ..

A

-good cardiovascular endurance due to long stride lengths

-good at high jump due to high centre of gravity and no excess weight to lift

-distance running , marathons

24
Q

Weaknesses of Ectomorphs…

A

-struggle in power / strength events due to low muscle %

25
Q

What are calories ( energy from food ) used for?

A

Movement , Growth and repair

26
Q

Average calories for men ….
Women..

A

Men - 2500
Women-2000

27
Q

4 factors effecting the number of calories someone will need … and explained

A

1) age : people under 25 need more as bodies are growing

2) height : taller people burn more as they have larger skeletons

3) gender : males need more as they have higher skeletons and a higher muscle mass

4) energy expenditure : how active you are

28
Q

What’s a balanced diet ?

A

A diet that contains the correct amount of calories for the individual , and correct amount of nutrients, fibres,minerals ,vitamins and water

29
Q

7 components in a balanced diet

A

Water
Fibre
Fat
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Carbs

30
Q

What’s the function of carbs ?
What %of our diet should it make up ?

A

-provide body with energy ( glucose)

-55-60%

31
Q

2 sources of carbs , what they do, foods that have them

A

Simple carbs - provide energy quick ( easily broken down)
Eg - fruit, sugar ,yogurt

Complex carbs - slow release energy ( hard to break down )
Eg- bread, pasta, vegetables

32
Q

Function of protein , sources and what % of our diet does it make up .

A

Function - growth and repair of muscles

Source - meat , eggs beans

15-20% of our diet

33
Q

Function of fats , source and % of our diet ..

A

Function - provide energy for low intensities

Source - saturated fats ( linked to obesity ) ( sausages, fried food)
Unsaturated fats ( oily fish )

34
Q

Function of water…
How much do males and females need

A

Function - maintain hydration levels , regulate body temp , improved focus / reaction time

Makes 2,5 liitres
Female -2 litres

35
Q

Factors that determine how much water we need

A

1) temp - hotter conditions require more water

2) activity levels - more water lost through sweat

3) environment - need more water in a hot country

36
Q

What’s dehydration?

A

Excessive loss of water , interrupting normal functioning of the body

37
Q

5 signs of dehydration ?

A

-rapid breathing and heartbeat
-dry mouth and skin
-fever and chills
-muscle cramps
-dizziness and headaches

38
Q

5 effects of dehydration?

A

1) blood thickening - blood becomes more viscous and can’t flow easily

2) heart rate increases - heart works harder to pump thick blood around body

3) increased body temp- no water to cool body so will overheat

4) slow per reaction times - poor decision making

5) muscle cramps nausea and headaches

Gcse PE (6 decks)

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