Health

Question 1

cripple

Answer 1

V. weaken, damage, impair

Ex: global nursing shortage cripples health care systems worldwide

Question 2

underlying

Answer 2

adj. fundamental, essential, intrinsic

Ex: the underlying causes of a shortage are complex.
To stop a problem you have to understand its underlying causes

Question 3

vacancy , vacant, vacate

Answer 3

N. ,adj. ,v.
A position or job that needs to be filled

Ex: When a nurse leaves a job, it is not always easy to fill the vacancy
-a vacant position at a hospital

Question 4

Lure

Answer 4

V. attract, seduce,

Ex:
They did not realize that they were being lured into a trap

Better salaries and living conditions, lure many nurses to work in wealthier countries

Question 5

rudimantary

Answer 5

Adj. Basic, not well developed

Ex: they have rudimentary skills.

Question 6

epidemic/
rampant

Answer 6

adj. spreading out of control/
N. rapid spread of disease

Ex: HIV epidemic is rampant in African countries.

Question 7

stem

Answer 7

V. To come from, originate
V.2 stop

Ex: the nursing shortage stems from an aging population in Europe.

2. Austria has sent three army battalions to its border with Hungary to stem the flow of illegal immigrants.

Question 8

dwindle

Answer 8

V. lessen, weaken, decrease

Ex: The factory’s workforce has dwindled from over 4,000 to a few hundred.

Question 9

retain

Answer 9

V. Keep, hold

Ex: developed countries need to focus on retaining and rewarding nurses appropriately

Question 10

deprive (of)

Answer 10

V. Keep or take away something wanted.

Ex: he was deprived of his civil rights

Question 11

rodent

Answer 11

N. جونده مانند موش

Question 12

dementia

Answer 12

N. insanity, mental deterioration

Question 13

stave off

Answer 13

V. to prevent for a period of time

Ex: regular exercise can help stave off some effects of normal aging

Question 14

gravity (n.), grave (adj.), gravely

Answer 14

N. seriousness, importance, significance

Ex:
The president said those who grab power through violence deserve punishment which matches the gravity of their crime.

Question 15

diminish

Answer 15

V. reduce, decrease, weaken

Ex: regular exercise can diminish the gravity of conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease

Question 16

relieve

Answer 16

V. discharge, free, diminish

Ex: in addition to increasing brain power, exercise can help relieve depression

Question 17

Culture

Answer 17

N. In science, a culture is a group of bacteria or cells which are grown, usually in a laboratory as part of an experiment.

Ex: a culture of human cells

Question 18

alter

Answer 18

V. change, adapt, modify

Ex: Nothing has altered and the deadline still stands.

Question 19

excrete

Answer 19

V. discharge, give off

Ex:
scientists look at how quickly drug is excreted.
Your open pores excrete sweat and dirt.

Question 20

deem

Answer 20

V. Suppose, consider, believe

Ex: He says he would support the use of force if the UN deemed it necessary.

Question 21

recur

Answer 21

V. Happen or occur again

Ex: Drug trials may focus on preventing disease from occurring or recurring

Question 22

ascertain

Answer 22

V. Find out, determine.

Ex: Once they had ascertained that he was not a spy, they agreed to release him.