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-Neuro > Headaches and General movement disorders > Flashcards

Headaches and General movement disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the presentation of:

Akathisia

A

Restless and intense urge to move

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2
Q

What is the presentation of:

Asterixis

A

Extension of wrists causes “flapping” motion

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3
Q

What is the presentation of:

Athetosis

A

Slow, snake-like, writhing movements; especially seen in the fingers

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4
Q

What is the presentation of:

Chorea

A

Sudden, jerky, purposeless movements

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5
Q

What is the presentation of:

Dystonia

A

Sustained involuntary muscle contractions

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6
Q

What is the presentation of:

Essential Tremor

A

High-frequency tremor with sustained posture (eg. outstreched arms) worsened with movement or when anxious

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7
Q

What is the presentation of:

Hemiballismus

A

Sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm +/- ipsilateral leg

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8
Q

What is the presentation of:

Intention tremor

A

Slow zigzag motion when pointing/extending toward a target

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9
Q

What is the presentation of:

Myoclonus

A

sudden brief uncontrolled muscle contraction

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10
Q

What is the presentation of:

Resting Tremor

A

Uncontrolled movement of distal appendages (most noticable in hands); tremor alleviated by intentional movement

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11
Q

What is the presentation of:

Restless leg syndrome

A

Worse at rest/nighttime

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12
Q

A lesion of the basal ganglia would give you what type of movement disorders?

A

Athetosis

Chorea

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13
Q

in what conditions would you see akathisia

A

Can be seen with neuroleptic use or as a side effect of parkinson treatment

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14
Q

In what conditions would you see asterixis

A

Hepatic encephalopathy
Wilsons disease
Other metabolic derangements

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15
Q

In what conditions would you se Chorea

A

Huntingtons disease

Acute rheumatic fever

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16
Q

What are conditions associated with dystonia

A

Writers cramp
Blepharospasm: (closure of eyelids)
Torticollis: abnormal head or neck contract

17
Q

What conditions are associated with Essential tremmor

A

Usually a familial condition

18
Q

How would familial essential tremor present and how would you treat it

A

Pts usually self medicate with alcohol to dec tremor amplitude
Treat with nonselective beta blockers (propranolol) or primidone

19
Q

In what conditions is myoclonus common

A

metabolic abnormalities such as renal and liver failure

20
Q

What conditions are associated with resting tremor

A

Parkinsons (pill rolling tremor)

21
Q

What conditions are associated with RLS and how would you treat it

A

associated with iron deficiency and CKD

Treat with dopamine agonists (pramipexole or ropinirole)

22
Q

What lesion would cause:

Hemiballismus

A

Contralateral subthalamic nucleus (lacunar stroke)

23
Q

What lesion would cause:

Intention tremor

A

Cerebellar dysfunction

24
Q

What lesion would cause:

Resting tremor

A

Substantia nigra (parkinsons)

25
Q

What is the duration of:

Cluster Headache

A

15min - 3 hours; repetitive

26
Q

Describe the presentation of:

Cluster Headache

A 
Unilateral
Awful Periorbital pain
W/ Lacrimation and rhinorrhea
May present with Horner syndrome
(more common in males)
27
Q

What is the treatment for:

Cluster Headache

A

Acute: sumatriptan and 100% o2
Proph: Verapamil

28
Q

What is the duration of:

Tension Headache

A

> 30 min (typically 4-6 hours); constant

29
Q

Describe the presentation of:

Tension Headache

A

BILATERAL
Steady “Band like” pain
No Photophobia, phonophobia, or aura

30
Q

What is the treatment for:

Tension Headache

A

Analgesics, NSAIDs, Acetaminophen

Amitriptyline for chronic pain

31
Q

What is the duration of:

Migraine Headache

A

4-72 hours

32
Q

Describe the presentation of:

Migraine Headache

A 
Unilateral
Pulsating pain 
Nausea, photophobia, or phonophobia
May present with "aura"
(due to irritation of CN V, meninges, or bv: release of substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide, and vasoactive peptides)
33
Q

What is the treatment for:

Migraine Headache

A

Acute: NSAIDs, triptans, dihydroergotamine
Proph: lifestyle changes, b blockers, amitriptyline, topiramate, valproate

34
Q

What is the duration of:

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

seconds to minutes (episodes generally increase in intensity and frequency over time)

35
Q

Describe the presentation of:

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

Unilateral
repetitive shooting pain in the distribution of CN V
triggered by chewing, talking, or touching certian parts of the face

36
Q

What is the treatment for:

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

Carbamazepine

37
Q

Other then the listed headaches, what other things should be considered with “worst headache of my life presentation”

A 
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Meningitis
Hydrocephalus
Neoplasia
Giant Cell (temporal) arteritis

-Neuro (16 decks)

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