Head, Neck, Torso Muscles

Question 1

What are the 2 groups of bones of the adult skeleton?

Answer 1

axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Question 2

What are the basic types of bones?

Answer 2

long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid

Question 3

How many bones are in the skull?

Answer 3

22 bones

Question 4

What is the part of the skull that provides a case for the brain, meninges, nerves and associated structures?

Answer 4

neurocranium

Question 5

What is also called the viscerocranium or splanchonocranium?

Answer 5

Facial skeleton

Question 6

What is the anterior part of the skull containing the orbits, nasal cavities, maxilla, and mandible?

Answer 6

viscerocranium or splanchonocranium

Question 7

Which foramen has the medulla oblongata and membranes, CN XI, and the vertebral and spinal arteries passing through it?

Answer 7

Foramen magnum

Question 8

Which foramen has the inferior alveolar nerve and blood vessels passing through it?

Answer 8

mandibular foramen

Question 9

Which foramen has the mandibular branch of cranial nerve V passing through it?

Answer 9

Foramen ovale

Question 10

Which foramen has the maxillary branch of cranial nerve V passing through it?

Answer 10

Foramen rotundum

Question 11

Which foramen has the internal carotid artery and sympathetic nerves for eyes passing through it?

Answer 11

Carotid foramen

Question 12

Which foramen has cranial nerve XII and a branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery passing through it?

Answer 12

hypoglossal foramen

Question 13

Which foramen has the internal jugular vein, cranial nerves IX, X, and XI passing through it?

Answer 13

jugular foramen

Question 14

Which foramen contains a branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery?

Answer 14

foramen lacerum

Question 15

Which foramen has cranial nerve VII and the stylomastoid artery passing through it?

Answer 15

stylomastoid foramen

Question 16

What is the dome-like roof of the cranium made up of the superior portions of the frontal bone, occipital bone, and parietal bones?

Answer 16

Calvaria

Question 17

What is the floor of the cranium, or the cranial base called?

Answer 17

Basicranium

Question 18

Which bone forms forehead,roof of orbits, and anterior cranial floor?

Answer 18

Frontal bone

Question 19

Which bone forms the side and roof of cranial activity?

Answer 19

parietal bone

Question 20

Which foramen in the temporal bone does CN VII go through?

Answer 20

stylomastoid foramen

Question 21

Which area of the temporal bone does CN VIII go through?

Answer 21

petrous portion

Question 22

What is located in the middle part of the base of the skull, called the keystone bone?

Answer 22

sphenoid bone

Question 23

What is the passageway for oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, and ophthalmic nerves?

Answer 23

Superior orbital fissure

Question 24

The maxillary branch of the trigeminal (CN V2) passes through what?

Answer 24

foramen rotundum

Question 25

What foramen transmits the mandibular nerve (CN V3)?

Answer 25

foramen ovale

Question 26

What area of the sphenoid holds the pituitary gland?

Answer 26

sella turcica

Question 27

What is the name for the anterior ridge of the sphenoid?

Answer 27

Tuberculin sellae

Question 28

What is the name for the central depression of the sphenoid?

Answer 28

Hypophyseal fossa

Question 29

What is the name for the posterior ridge of the sphenoid?

Answer 29

dorsum sellae

Question 30

What are the attachment points for some muscles that move the mandible on the sphenoid?

Answer 30

pterygoid processes

Question 31

What transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery in the sphenoid?

Answer 31

optic foramen

Question 32

What forms part of the anterior portion of the cranial floor, the medial wall of the orbits, the superior portion of the nasal septum, and most of the superior side walls of the nasal cavity?

Answer 32

ethmoid bone

Question 33

How many cranial bones are there?

Answer 33

8 bones

Question 34

How many facial bones are there?

Answer 34

14 bones

Question 35

What attaches to the flax cerebral from the ethmoid bone?

Answer 35

crystal galli

Question 36

What area of the ethmoid bone does the olfactory nerve pass through?

Answer 36

olfactory foramina

Question 37

Areas of the ethmoid bone containing sinuses?

Answer 37

lateral masses

Question 38

What is the upper part of the nasal septum of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 38

perpendicular plate

Question 39

These structures causes inhaled air to swirl and impact mucus; also called turbinates

Answer 39

superior and middle nasal conchae

Question 40

What forms the skeleton of the upper jaw that is fixed to the cranial base?

Answer 40

maxillae

Question 41

What forms the skeleton of the lower jaw that articulates with the cranial base at the temporomandibular joints and is moveable?

Answer 41

mandible

Question 42

What hold the upper teeth in the mandible?

Answer 42

alveolar processes

Question 43

What are the lateral wall of the orbit along with sphenoid?

Answer 43

zygomatic bones

Question 44

What are the bones that make up part of the medial wall of the orbit?

Answer 44

lacrimal bones

Question 45

What is the "L-shaped" bone that has one end that is the back part of the hard palate and the other end is part of the orbit?

Answer 45

Palatine

Question 46

What is the posterior part of the nasal septum?

Answer 46

Vomer

Question 47

What is the vertical partition that divides the nasal cavity into left and right sides?

Answer 47

Nasal septum

Question 48

What are the bones that make up the roof of the orbit?

Answer 48

frontal sphenoid

Question 49

What are the bones that make up the lateral wall of the orbit?

Answer 49

Zygomatic sphenoid

Question 50

What are the bones that make up the floor of the orbit?

Answer 50

maxilla, zygomatic, palantine

Question 51

What are the bones that make up the medial wall of the orbit?

Answer 51

maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, and spenoid

Question 52

Which suture unites the parietal and occipital bones?

Answer 52

lambdoid suture

Question 53

Which suture unites the 2 parietal bones?

Answer 53

sagittal suture

Question 54

Which suture unites the frontal and both parietal bones?

Answer 54

corona suture

Question 55

Which suture unites the parietal and temporal bones?

Answer 55

squamous suture

Question 56

What are the dense CT membrane-filled spaces between the cranial bones of fetuses at birth called?

Answer 56

fontanels

Question 57

What are the cavities in bones of the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity?

Answer 57

paranasal sinuses

Question 58

What are the muscles that move the mandible?

Answer 58

masseter, temporalis, and pterygoids

Question 59

Which muscle retracts the mandible?

Answer 59

temporalis

Question 60

Which muscles elevates the mandible?

Answer 60

masseter/temporalis

Question 61

Which muscle protracts AND depresses the mandible?

Answer 61

lateral pterygoid

Question 62

Which muscle elevates and protracts the mandible?

Answer 62

medial pterygoid

Question 63

What are the four muscles that insert into the tongue?

Answer 63

Genioglossus Styloglossus Palatoglossus Hyoglossus

Question 64

What are the five branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 64

``` Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular Cervical ```

Question 65

What is the muscle that closes the eye?

Answer 65

orbicularis oculi

Question 66

What is the muscle that puckers the mouth?

Answer 66

orbicularis oris

Question 67

What muscle forms the muscular portion of the cheek and assists in whistling, blowing, sucking, and chewing?

Answer 67

buccinator

Question 68

What is the origin of the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis?

Answer 68

occipital bone

Question 69

What is the origin of the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis?

Answer 69

Galea aponeurotica

Question 70

Which muscle has the action of elevating the eyebrows and wrinkling the skin of the forehead horizontally?

Answer 70

occipitofrontalis

Question 71

What is the occipitofrontalis muscle innervated by?

Answer 71

Temporal branch of facial nerve

Question 72

What is the insertion for the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis?

Answer 72

Fascia and skin superior to the eye and nose

Question 73

What is the insertion for the zygomaticus major and minor?

Answer 73

Zygomatic bone

Question 74

What is the insertion for the zygomaticus major?

Answer 74

Skin at the angle of mouth/ orbicularis oris

Question 75

What is the insertion for the zygomaticus minor?

Answer 75

Upper lip

Question 76

Which muscle draws angle of the mouth superiority and laterally (smile) and raises the upper lip?

Answer 76

Zygomaticus major/minor

Question 77

What is the zygomaticus major and minor innervated by?

Answer 77

Zygomatic/buccal branch

Question 78

Which branch of the facial nerve innervates the levator labii superioris?

Answer 78

Zygomatic branch

Question 79

The action of the ___ muscle is to raise the upper lip

Answer 79

Levator labii superioris

Question 80

The action of the ___ muscle depresses the lower lip

Answer 80

Depressor labii inferioris

Question 81

Which branch of the facial nerve innervates the depressor labii inferioris?

Answer 81

marginal mandibular branch

Question 82

Which muscle draws the mouth angle laterally and inferiority? (Frown)

Answer 82

Depressor annuli oris

Question 83

Which branch of the facial nerve innervates the depressor anguli oris?

Answer 83

Marginal mandibular branch

Question 84

Which muscle closes and protrudes the lips, compressing against teeth and shaping for speech?

Answer 84

Orbicularis oris

Question 85

The origin of the ___ muscle is the muscle fibers surrounding the opening of the mouth

Answer 85

Orbicularis oris

Question 86

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the orbicularis oris?

Answer 86

buccal branch

Question 87

The insertion of this muscle is the orbicularis oris

Answer 87

Buccinator

Question 88

What muscle presses the checks against the teeth and lips (whistling/blowing), and assists in mastication by keeping the food between teeth?

Answer 88

Buccinator

Question 89

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the buccinator?

Answer 89

buccal branch

Question 90

Which muscle draws the angle of the mouth laterally? (Grimace)

Answer 90

Risorius

Question 91

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the risorius?

Answer 91

Buccal branch

Question 92

The insertion for this muscle is the skin of the chin

Answer 92

Mentalis

Question 93

Which muscle elevates and protrudes the lower lip and pulls up skin of the chin? (Pout)

Answer 93

Mentalis

Question 94

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the mentalis?

Answer 94

Marginal mandibular branch

Question 95

Which muscle draws the outer part of the lower lip inferiority and posteriorly as in pouting AND depresses mandible?

Answer 95

Platysma

Question 96

The insertion for this muscle is the mandible, muscle around angle of the mouth, and skin of the lower face

Answer 96

Platysma

Question 97

What branch of the facial nerve innervates the platysma?

Answer 97

Cervical branch