Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 1 IPAP (20-1) > ANS Composition > Flashcards

ANS Composition Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic trunk ganglia and prevertebral ganglia are types of what?

A

sympathetic ganglia, paravertebral ganglia, or vertebral chain ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sympathetic postganglionic axons are short or long?

A

long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which ganglia are anterior to the vertebral column, close to the abdominal arteries?

A

Prevertebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do the sympathetic trunk ganglia and prevertebral ganglia have the same lengths for pre and post ganglionic?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Superior mesentric and inferior mesentric ganglion are major parts of the prevertebral ganglia, What are the 3 others?

A

celiac ganglion, aorticorenal ganglion, and renal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The preganglionic axons of the parasympathetic ganglion synapse with post postganglionic neurons in which ganglia?

A

terminal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the parasympathetic ganglias of the head

A

cilliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which nerves connect the axons of parasympathetic neurons to the parasympathetic postpanglion neurons in terminal ganglia in the walls of the colon, ureters, urinary blabber, and reproductive organs?

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 methods that the neurons arriving at sympathetic trunk connect with post ganglionic neurons?

A

synapsing in the 1st ganglion it reaches, ascending or descending before synapsing, continuing without synapsing through trunk ganglion to a prevertebral ganaglion, and continuing without synapsing through para and prevertebral ganglion to the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medullae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why are sympathetic responses able to typically affect almost the entire body simultaneously?

A

Because preganglionic fibers have many axon collaterals and synapse with a number of postganglionic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why can parasympathetic responses be localized to a single effector?

A

Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse with a limited number of postganglionic neurons in the same visceral effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What makes parasympathetic postganglionic neurons different from their sympathetic counterparts?

A

They terminate in the same effector after leaving their ganglia rather than branching out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

parasympathetic postganglion axons are long. true or false?

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A tangled network of neurons formed jointly by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system is known as?

A

Autonomic plexuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which organs will you find the autonomic plexuses?

A

thorax, abdomen, and pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The ANS is a collection of afferent and efferent neurons. T or F?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are afferent and efferent neurons?

A

afferent are visceral sensory while efferent are visceral motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What part of the brain regulates the ANS?

A

hypothalamus and brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

While autonomic sensory neurons propagate into integrating centers of the CNS, where to autonomic motor neurons propagate to?

A

effector tissues of glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the name and subdivisions of the nervous tissue outside the CNS?

A

PNS subdivided into ENS, ANS, and SNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors are examples of which kind of ANS receptor?

A

interoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is operational advantage that ANS has over skeletal muscle voluntary innervation?

A

they have the intrinsic function to continue to operate even if nerve supply is damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the difference btw somatic motor neuron and autonomic motor neuron?

A

autonomic motor pathway contains 2 motor neurons in series from CNS to effector while somatic motor neuron has one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which neuron has its cell body in the CNS and contains myelinated axons that extend from the CNS to an autonomic ganglion?

A

pre-ganglionic neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which neuron has its cell body in the autonomic ganglion and contains unmyelinated axons that extend from the ganglion to the effector?

A

post-ganglionic neurons

26
Q

Which neurotransmitters do somatic and autonomic neurons release?

A

somatic neurons release ACh while autonomic neurons release ACh and norepinephrine

27
Q

The motor portion of the ANS is divided into which 2 components?

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

28
Q

an increase in sympathetic causes an increase in parasympathetic. T or F?

A

F

29
Q

what portion of the spinal cord will you find the cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons?

A

lateral gray horns T1-T12 and L1-L2

30
Q

Where would you find the cell bodies of parasympathetic preganglionic neurons?

A

Cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10 and lateral horns of S2-S4 of the spinal cord

31
Q

Autonomic plexuses can be be a component of autonomic motor pathways and axons of autonomic sensory neurons. T or F?

A

T

32
Q

Which nerves do the cardiac (thoracic) plexus contribute to?

A

sympathetic post-ganglionic and parasympathetic pre-ganglionic

33
Q

Which pathway of the pulmonary plexus causes bronchoconstriction and which one causes bronchodialation?

A

the sympathetic pathway causes bronchodialation and the parasympathetic pathway innervates bronchoconstriction

34
Q

Which is the largest autonomic plexus?

A

celiac plexus

35
Q

What is the difference btw superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric plexus?

A

superior supplies the small and large intestine, while the inferior supplies only the large intestine.

36
Q

Hypogastric plexus supplies the urinary bladder and genital organs (pelvic viscera) while the renal plexus supplies ____?

A

renal arteries within the kidneys and ureters

37
Q

what do myelinated axons pass through to form the sympathetic trunk/chain?

A

white rami communicantes

38
Q

White rami communicantes are only present in the same spinal region as the sympathetic preganglion neuron. T or F?

A

T

39
Q

You will find pairs of sympathetic trunk ganglia in all almost all portions of the spinal nerves except?

A

4 of the 7 cervical nerves

40
Q

The sympathetic preganglionic fibers that serve the head and neck emerge form which spinal cord segments?

A

T1-T6

41
Q

The superior cervical ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, and inferior cervical ganglion are portions of which ganglia?

A

cervical ganglia in the neck

42
Q

Superior cervical ganglion postganglionic sympathetic fibers supply which parts of the body?

A

head and heart

43
Q

Which organ do the middle cervical ganglion and the inferior cervical ganglion provide with sympathetic postganglionic fibers?

A

heart

44
Q

which region of the spinal cord receives most of the sympathetic preganglionic axons?

A

thoracic region

45
Q

The postganglionic fibers from the thoracic sympathetic trunk innervates which organs?

A

heart, lungs, arrectores pilorum muscles, bronchi, sweat glands, and blood vessels of the skin

46
Q

What are the ways that axons leave the sympathetic trunk?

A

enter spinal nerves, form cephalic periarterial nerves, form sympathetic nerves, and form splanchnic nerves

47
Q

What is the difference btw gray ramus communicans and white ramus communicans?

A

axons of postganglionic neurons leave the trunk by means of gray ramus while axons (myelinated) enter the trunk by white ramus

48
Q

They are formed by the movement of axon collaterals from preganglionic neurons through variable distances. What are they?

A

sympathetic chains

49
Q

gray rami communicates are associated with all spinal nerves. T or F?

A

T

50
Q

cephalic periarterial nerves are formed from ___?

A

postganglionic neurons from the superior cervical trunk wrap around carotid arteries

51
Q

sympathetic postganglionic neurons extend to ____ in the ____ to form sympathetic nerves of the heart and smooth muscles of the bronchi and lungs.

A

visceral effectors, thoracic region

52
Q

When sympathetic preganglionic neurons pass through the trunk without terminating until they reach prevertebra ganglia, what do they form?

A

splanchnic nerves

53
Q

which splanchnic nerve innervates the stomach and small intestine?

A

greater splanchnic nerve

54
Q

which splanchnic nerve innervates the colon and small intestine?

A

lesser splanchnic nerve

55
Q

which part of the splanchnic nerve innervates the rectum and urinary bladder?

A

lumbar splachnic nerve

56
Q

What does the adrenal medulla and postganglionic cell have in common?

A

they are made from chromaffin cells

57
Q

do sympathetic preganglionic or postganglionic neurons extend to adrenal medullae?

A

sympathetic preganglionic neurons

58
Q

The sacral parasympathetic outflow consists of ____?

A

lateral horn of S2 and S4

59
Q

List the cranial parasympathetic ganglias?

A

ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic ganglia

60
Q

which ganglias with preganglionic axons of the cranial parasympathetic ganglia are from facial (VII) nerves?

A

submandibular and pterygopalatine ganglia

61
Q

most of the craniosacral flow that leave the brain to different effector organs emerge from which cranial nerve?

A

vagus (X) nerve

62
Q

the pelvic splanchnic nerve is formed by ___?

A

preganglionic neurons of the sacral parasympathetic outflow

A&P 1 IPAP (20-1) (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions