Cranial nerves Flashcards
Which cranial nerves contain only sensory neurons?
Cranial I (olfactory) and cranial II (optic)
Which mixed cranial nerve is mostly sensory?
cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear)
Which mixed cranial nerves is mostly motor?
cranial nerves 3,4,6,11, & 12
What is the sensory function of the mixed nerves that are mostly motor?
proprioception of the muscles over which they exert motor control
which mixed cranial nerves have a almost even amount of sensory and motor?
cranial nerves 5,7,9, and 10
Most cranial nerves that have motor function innervate more than one muscle. T or F?
T
somatic (skeletal) muscles are innervated by?
motor cranial nerves
Which motor cranial nerves posses autonomic motor axons?
cranial nerves 3,7,9,10
olfactory bulb and tract are part of the olfactory nerve. T or F?
F
The bundle of axons that extend through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid is known as?
olfactory
the loss of the sense of smell is known as?
anosmia
Which cranial nerve contains myelinated axons that conduct nerve impulses for vision?
optic nerve (II)
optic nerve versus optic tract is known as?
optic chiasma
The rods and cones in the retina relay signals to which cells?
bipolar cells
Which cell axons are the optic nerve and optic tract made from?
axons of ganglion cell
Which cranial nerve is the only one that controls the extrinsic and intrinsic eye muscles?
Occulomotor (III)
What is the name of the muscle of the upper eyelid innervated by the Occulomotor (III) nerve?
levator palpebrae superioris
The innervation of the intrinsic eye muscle by cranial nerve (III) is sympathetic. T or F?
F
Which cranial nerve is the smallest?
Cranial nerve (IV) or Trochlear
Which part of the eye does the trochlear (IV) nerve innervate?
oblique muscle of the eye
Which is the only cranial nerve to arise from the posterior aspect of the brain stem
Trochlear (IV) nerve
Which direction does the superior oblique move the eyeball?
inferiorly and laterally
Which is the largest cranial nerve?
Trigemenal (V) nerve
What does the motor neurons of trigeminal (V) nerve control?
chewing movements
This cranial nerve emerges from pons isolated from other cranial nerves, which is it?
trigeminal (V) nerve
Which cranial nerve provides sensory neurons to face, head, and anterior 2/3 tactile tongue?
trigeminal (V) nerve
The motor neurons of which nerve supply the muscles of mastication?
trigeminal (V) nerve
What are the branches of the large sensory root of the trigeminal (V) nerve?
MOM; ophthalmic nerve (v1), maxillary nerve (v2), and mandibular nerve, and (v3)
Which nerve is the target of local anesthesia for dentist and physicians?
maxillary nerve
Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye?
abducens (VI) nerve
which cranial nerve moves the eye laterally and causes abduction of the eye?
abducens (VI) nerve
Which cranial nerve has somatic motor axons innervate stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric?
facial (VII) nerve
Which cranial nerve has somatic motor axons innervate stapedius muscles and facial expressions?
facial (VII) nerve
lacrimal glands, nasal glands, subllingual and submandibular glands receive parasympathetic axons from which cranial nerve?
Facial (VII) nerve
The anterior two-thirds of the tongue that receive sensory axons from the facial nerve, are also known as?
the mobile tongue
The branches of the facial nerve include temporal, cervical, and _____
zygomatic, buccal, and mandibular
Which cranial nerve was formerly known as acoustic or auditory nerve?
vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve
Which cranial nerve carry impulses for equilibrium and hearing?
vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve
Which cranial nerve provides sensory axons to posterior 1/3 of tongue for taste and tactile sensation?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerves provides sensory axons to baroreceptors in carotid sinus and chemoreceptors in ___?
carotid bodies
Which gland does glossopharyngeal (IX) nerves provide motor fibers?
carotid gland
which cranial nerve is the longest?
vagus
What parts of the body will you find vagus nerves?
head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
What are the somatic functions of the vagus nerve?
swallowing, coughing, and voice production
Which cranial nerve provides a sensory function of monitoring blood pressure, oxygen, and carbon dioxide?
vagus (X) nerves
The sensory function of touch, pain, taste, temperature and propioception from epiglottis and pharynx are provided by which cranial nerve?
vagus (X) nerves
which cranial nerve supports the autonomic control of GI tract smooth muscles, heart rate slowing, and digestive fluid secretion?
vagus (X) nerve
the hyperactivity of the vagus nerves leads to which condition?
ulceration of the stomach
what is the treatment option for patients with recurring ulcers?
selective vagotomy (partial severing of the right and left gastric nerves)
which cranial nerve originates from both the brain stem and spinal cord?
accessory (XI) nerve
Which cranial nerves provide impulses to voluntary muscles used in swallowing, trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid?
Accessory (XI) nerve
Which cranial nerve innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus?
hypoglossal (XII) nerve
What occurs when one genioglossus muscle is inactive?
The tongue moves towards the inactive one, while the other one remains intact
