Head, neck, eye, ears, lymph, mouth, nose, throat Flashcards
What are some strategies to prevent headaches? (primary prevention)
- sleep
- diet and exercise
- water
- limit sensory overload
- alcohol intake reduction
- sodium deficiency
- avoid food triggers that cause headaches (tyrine)
What are food triggers that cause headaches?
- Alcohol (especially red wine)
- Caffeine
- Onions
- Tomatoes
- Dairy products
- Citrus fruits
- Wheat
What are some risk factors for head injuries?
- Colour blindness
- Vertigo
- Alcohol addiction
- Young children (especially infants)
List some risk reduction tips for preventing head injuries (primary)
- wearing a helmet
- taking fall risk precautions
- Standardized procedure post head impact
What is the abortive approach?
treatment for a migraine that had already begun
What do preventative drugs do?
o preventative drugs prevent migraines from happening
What are some tertiary prevention strategies for someone experiencing a headache?
- Massage
- Physical therapy
- Pet therapy
- Relaxation techniques: guided imagery, hypnosis
- Acupuncture
- dark environment
define Lymphadenopathy
enlarged lymph nodes
Which cranial nerve do you assess for the neck assessment?
Cranial nerve XI: Accessory nerve
define cataracts
a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.
How do you prevent cataracts (primary)
- annual eye exams
- no smoking
- no drinking
- wear sunglasses
- include antioxidants in diet
- eye protection
- do not use supplemental steroids
What are risk factors for cataracts?
- increasing age
- cigarette smoking
- alcohol use
- exposure to UV-B light
- diet low in antioxidants
- eye injuries
- steroid use
- diabetes
- high BP
symptoms of cataracts
- Blurring
- Decreased vision
- Glare
Define glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure, damaging the optic nerve and causing irreversible damage to vision
Risk factors for glaucoma
- Over 60
- African descent
- Female
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Family history of glaucoma
- Steroid use
- Hypertension
- Eye injury
- Severe myopia (nearsightedness)
- Diabetes
- Certain medications
Define myopia
nearsighted; able to see near
Define presbyopia
far-sighted; able to see far
define astigmatism
abnormal curvature of cornea
define ptosis
drooping of eyelid
define Nystagmus
shaking of eye
define macular degeneration
- degeneration of macula (part of retina where light focuses),
- leading cause of severe vision loss in Canada
What is a ophthalmoscope
instrument that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures
what do red numbers indicate on a ophthalmoscope
Red numbers indicate a negative diopter and are used for myopic (nearsighted) clients.
what do black numbers indicate?
Black numbers indicate a positive dioptre, used for hyperopic (farsighted) clients
