Head, neck, eye, ears, lymph, mouth, nose, throat

Question 1

What are some strategies to prevent headaches? (primary prevention)

Answer 1

• sleep
• diet and exercise
• water
• limit sensory overload
• alcohol intake reduction
• sodium deficiency
• avoid food triggers that cause headaches (tyrine)

Question 2

What are food triggers that cause headaches?

Answer 2

• Alcohol (especially red wine)
• Caffeine
• Onions
• Tomatoes
• Dairy products
• Citrus fruits
• Wheat

Question 3

What are some risk factors for head injuries?

Answer 3

• Colour blindness
• Vertigo
• Alcohol addiction
• Young children (especially infants)

Question 4

List some risk reduction tips for preventing head injuries (primary)

Answer 4

• wearing a helmet
• taking fall risk precautions
• Standardized procedure post head impact

Question 5

What is the abortive approach?

Answer 5

treatment for a migraine that had already begun

Question 6

What do preventative drugs do?

Answer 6

o preventative drugs prevent migraines from happening

Question 7

What are some tertiary prevention strategies for someone experiencing a headache?

Answer 7

• Massage
• Physical therapy
• Pet therapy
• Relaxation techniques: guided imagery, hypnosis
• Acupuncture
• dark environment

Question 8

define Lymphadenopathy

Answer 8

enlarged lymph nodes

Question 9

Which cranial nerve do you assess for the neck assessment?

Answer 9

Cranial nerve XI: Accessory nerve

Question 10

define cataracts

Answer 10

a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.

Question 11

How do you prevent cataracts (primary)

Answer 11

• annual eye exams
• no smoking
• no drinking
• wear sunglasses
• include antioxidants in diet
• eye protection
• do not use supplemental steroids

Question 12

What are risk factors for cataracts?

Answer 12

• increasing age
• cigarette smoking
• alcohol use
• exposure to UV-B light
• diet low in antioxidants
• eye injuries
• steroid use
• diabetes
• high BP

Question 13

symptoms of cataracts

Answer 13

• Blurring
• Decreased vision
• Glare

Question 14

Define glaucoma

Answer 14

increased intraocular pressure, damaging the optic nerve and causing irreversible damage to vision

Question 15

Risk factors for glaucoma

Answer 15

• Over 60
• African descent
• Female
• Increased intraocular pressure
• Family history of glaucoma
• Steroid use
• Hypertension
• Eye injury
• Severe myopia (nearsightedness)
• Diabetes
• Certain medications

Question 16

Define myopia

Answer 16

nearsighted; able to see near

Question 17

Define presbyopia

Answer 17

far-sighted; able to see far

Question 18

define astigmatism

Answer 18

abnormal curvature of cornea

Question 19

define ptosis

Answer 19

drooping of eyelid

Question 20

define Nystagmus

Answer 20

shaking of eye

Question 21

define macular degeneration

Answer 21

• degeneration of macula (part of retina where light focuses),
• leading cause of severe vision loss in Canada

Question 22

What is a ophthalmoscope

Answer 22

instrument that allows a health professional to see inside the fundus of the eye and other structures

Question 23

what do red numbers indicate on a ophthalmoscope

Answer 23

Red numbers indicate a negative diopter and are used for myopic (nearsighted) clients.

Question 24

what do black numbers indicate?

Answer 24

Black numbers indicate a positive dioptre, used for hyperopic (farsighted) clients