Head and Neck Review Flashcards
What embrological tissue gives rise to the facial bones?
Neural crest cells
What foramen does CN V traverse to supply subcutaneous innervation to the skin superficial to the frontal bone?
Supraorbital foramen (supraorbital branch of CN V-1)
What foramen does CN V traverse to supply subcutaneous innervation to the skin superficial to the maxilla?
The infraorbital foramen
from CN V-2
What foramen does CN V traverse to supply subcutaneous innervation to the skin superficial to the maxilla?
Cutaneous branches of CN V-1
Supraorbital n.
Supratorchlear n. (more medial)
Infratrochlear n.
External nasal n. (from an. ethmoidal branch of CN V-1)
Lacrimal (CN VII hitchikes)
Cutaneous branches of CN V-2
Infraorbital n. (medial aspect of cheek)
Zygomatico temporal n.
Zygomatico facial n.
Cutaneous branches of CN V-3
Mental n. (continuation of inf. alveolar)
Buccal n.
Auriculotemporal n. (skin on the side of the head and TMJ) - CN IX hitchhikes after synapsing on otic ganglion
Cutaneous branches supplying the posterior head and neck
Supraobital and supratrochlear nerves branch from ______ ?
The frontal n. (branch of CN V-1)
All of CN V-1 is sensory
Internal and external nasal and infratrochlear nn. branch from ______ ?
The Nasocilliary n. (branch of CN V-1)
What supplys the affarent fibers for the corneal reflex?
CN V-1 (the ciliary branch of the nasociliary n.)
Type of fibers of CN V-2
Only sensory
Trigeminal ganglion
Purely sensory cell bodies (no synapses)
What supplies sensory fibers to the upper teeth and gums?
The superior alveolar nn (from CN V-2)
What supplies sensory innervation of the hard and soft palates?
Hard palate - greater palantine branch of CN V-2
Soft palate - lesser palantine branch of CN V-2
Hitchhikers of CN V
CN III ciliary ganglion
CN VII pterygopalantine ganglion - greater petrosal n (hithchike CN V-2) to supply mucosa and lacrimal gland
CN VII - chorda tympani travels with the lingual n. (CN V-3) and synapses at the submandibular ganglion
CN IX otic ganglion - lesser petrosal branch synapses at otic ganglion and exits via the auriculotemporal nerve (carrying parasympathetic fibers from CN IX) to innervate parotid
Accomodation
Postsynaptic parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies - ciliary
Lens balls up (ciliary m. contracts), iris constricts, and eyes move medially - converge (focus on close object)
Sensory ganglion of CN VII
Geniculate ganglion
What level does the carotid bifurcation occur?
At CV4
List the levels of the hyoid bone, carotid bifurcation, laryngeal prominence, and cricoid cartilage
Important ligaments of superior cervical vertebrae
Tissue that connects frontalis m. and occipitalis m.
The galea aponeurotica
Muscles of facial expression
What innervates the platysma m.
CN VII