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Unit 5: Head and Neck > Head and Neck Part 3 (Circulation and Larynx) > Flashcards

Head and Neck Part 3 (Circulation and Larynx) Flashcards

The head: anterior neck and circulation

1
Q

What is the anatomical term for the mouth?

A

Oral cavity

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2
Q

What type of tissue line the oral cavity?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

What muscle lies within the cheek?

A

Buccinator

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4
Q

What are the anterior terminations of the cheeks?

A

lips

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5
Q

What is the anatomical term for the gums?

A

Gingivae

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6
Q

What thin folds of mucosa on the midline attach the lips to the gums?

A

Labial frenulum

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7
Q

What forms the roof of the mouth?

A

Palate

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8
Q

What are the two portions of the palate?

A

Hard palate
Soft palate

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9
Q

What bones form the hard palate?

A

Maxilla
Palatine

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10
Q

What is the conical, median projection of the soft palate?

A

Uvula

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11
Q

What accessory organ of the digestive system lies on the floor of the oral cavity and is composed largely of skeletal muscle covered with stratified squamous epithelium?

A

tongue

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12
Q

What thin, vertical mucous membrane attaches the floor of the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity?

A

Lingual frenulum

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13
Q

how many pairs of multicellular salivary glands are there?

A

3

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14
Q

What salivary glands are located anterior and inferior to the ear and partially cover the masseter?

A

Parotid salivary glands

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15
Q

What structure drains the largest salivary glands?

A

Parotid duct

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16
Q

Where does the parotid gland enter the oral cavity?

A

The second upper molar

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17
Q

What salivary glands lie inferior to the body of the mandible?

A

Submandibular salivary glands

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18
Q

What structure drains the salivary glands lying inferior to the body of the mandible?

A

Submandibular ducts

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19
Q

Where to the ducts of the submandibular glands enter the oral cavity?

A

On the lateral sides of the lingual frenulum

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20
Q

What salivary glands are named for their position inferior to the tongue?

A

sublingual salivary glands

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21
Q

The esophagus lies immediately anterior to what structures?

A

vertebral bodies

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22
Q

What are the external nares?

A

nostrils

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23
Q

What structure is the nasal cavity continuous with posteriorly?

A

Pharynx

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24
Q

What are the openings between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx?

A

Internal nares

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25
Q

What is the region of the nasal cavity near the nostrils?

A

Vestibule

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26
Q

What is the funnel-shaped region that connects the nasal cavity and oral cavity to the larynx and the esophagus?

A

Pharynx

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27
Q

What region of the pharynx is posterior to the nasal cavity and superior to the soft palate?

A

Nasopharynx

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28
Q

What type of tissue lines the nasopharynx?

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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29
Q

How is the middle ear cavity related to the nasopharynx?

A

The auditory tubes open into the nasopharynx

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30
Q

What lymphatic structure lies within the nasopharynx?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids)

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31
Q

What region of the pharynx lies between the soft palate and the level of the hyoid bone?

A

Oropharynx

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32
Q

What lymphatic structures lie within the oropharynx?

A

Palatine tonsils
Lingual tonsils

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33
Q

What structures are surgically excised during a tonsillectomy?

A

Palatine tonsils

34
Q

What region of the pharynx lies between the level of the hyoid bone and the superior border of the esophagus or the level of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage?

A

Laryngopharynx

35
Q

What type of tissue lines the laryngopharynx?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

36
Q

What part of a tooth is exposed and covered with enamel?

A

Crown

37
Q

What part of a tooth lies within the gums?

A

Neck

38
Q

What part of a tooth lies within the bone of the jaw?

A

Root

39
Q

What are the sockets that hold the roots of the teeth?

A

Dental alveoli

40
Q

What material covers the crown of a tooth?

A

Enamel

41
Q

What forms the primary mass of a tooth?

A

Dentin

42
Q

What is the space lies within the center of a tooth?

A

Pulp cavity

43
Q

What fills the space within a tooth?

A

Pulp

44
Q

What passage within a tooth opens into the connective tissue surrounding root and is continuous with the pulp cavity?

A

Root canal

45
Q

What is the opening between the root canal of a tooth and the surrounding connective tissue?

A

Apical foramen

46
Q

What set of teeth erupt between 6 months and 30 months after birth and are eventually lost?

A

Deciduous teeth

47
Q

What set of teeth begin appearing at about six years of age and remain through the lifetime of the individual?

A

Permanent teeth

48
Q

How many deciduous teeth are there?

A

20

49
Q

How many permanent teeth are there?

A

32

50
Q

What chisel shaped teeth have only one root?

A

Incisors

51
Q

What teeth have a pointed tip for puncturing and tearing?

A

Canine teeth

52
Q

What teeth have flat crowns with prominent ridges and may have one or two roots?

A

Premolars

53
Q

What teeth are the thickest, have large, broad, flat crowns with distinctive cusps, and three or more roots?

A

Molars

54
Q

What are the functions of the larynx?

A

Prevents swallowed material from entering the lower respiratory tract
Conducts air into the lower respiratory tract
Produces sound

55
Q

What component of the larynx forms the anterior and lateral walls and the anterior projection known as the laryngeal prominence or “Adams’s apple” in males?

A

Thyroid cartilage

56
Q

What ring-shaped structure of the larynx forms the inferior base of the organ and connects it to the trachea?

A

Cricoid cartilage

57
Q

What band of dense connective tissue lies between cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage of the larynx and can be palpated?

A

Cricothyroid ligament

58
Q

What spoon- or leaf shaped structure of the larynx folds over the laryngeal opening during swallowing to prevent food and drink from entering the larynx?

A

Epiglottis

59
Q

What is the anatomical term for the vocal cords and the opening between them?

A

Glottis

60
Q

What structure keep the trachea patent?

A

C-shaped tracheal cartilages

61
Q

Following the flow of blood from the heart what is the first branch of the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

62
Q

The brachiocephalic trunk bifurcates into what two arteries?

A

Right common carotid artery
Right subclavian artery

63
Q

Following the flow of blood from the heart what is the second branch of the aortic arch?

A

Left common carotid artery

64
Q

What region of the body do the common carotid arteries supply?

A

Head and neck

65
Q

The common carotid arteries bifurcate into what arteries?

A

External carotid arteries
Internal carotid arteries

66
Q

The external carotid artery terminates by dividing into what two arteries?

A

Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery

67
Q

What brach of the internal carotid artery supplies the eyes?

A

Ophthalmic artery

68
Q

The internal carotid artery ends by bifurcating into what two arteries?

A

Anterior and middle cerebral arteries

69
Q

What arteries arise from the subclavian arteries and travel through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, enter the skull through the foramen magnum and merge to form the basilar artery?

A

Vertebral arteries

70
Q

After passing through the foramen magnum the vertebral arteries converge to form what artery?

A

Basilar artery

71
Q

The basilar artery ends by splitting into what arteries?

A

Posterior cerebral arteries

72
Q

What anastomosis of arteries leis around the sella turcica?

A

Cerebral arterial circle
Circle of Willis

73
Q

The interior carotid artery ends by bifurcating into what two arteries that extend from the cerebral arterial circle?

A

Anterior cerebral artery
-lies within the longitudinal fissure
Middle cerebral artery
-lies within the lateral sulcus

74
Q

What small artery connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries?

A

Anterior communicating artery

75
Q

What small arteries connect the posterior cerebral arteries and the internal carotid arteries?

A

Posterior communicating arteries

76
Q

What structures collect venous blood within the cranial cavity and are formed by the two layers of the dura mater?

A

Dural venous sinuses

77
Q

What deep vein draining the cranial cavity begins at the jugular foramen of the skull?

A

Internal jugular vein
-it runs with the common carotid artery and the vagus nerve within the carotid sheath as it travels through the neck

78
Q

What vein draining the head can often be seen superficial to the sternocleidomastoid?

A

External jugular vein

79
Q

What veins drain the cranial cavity and extend through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae?

A

Vertebral veins

80
Q

The external jugular vein drains into what vein?

A

Subclavian vein

81
Q

Veins that drain the head, neck, and upper limbs merge to form what vessels?

A

Left and right brachiocephalic veins

Unit 5: Head and Neck (5 decks)

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