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ANA 2020 > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Enclose Submandibulas and Parotid glands

A

Superficial Layer of deep cervical fascia

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2
Q

Contains sternal heads of SCM, loose areolar tissue, jugular venous arch, interclavicular ligament

A

Suprasternal Space of Burns

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3
Q

Forms false capsule of the thyroid gland

A

Pretracheal Layer

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4
Q

Forms the fascial floor of the posterior triangle

A

Prevertebral layer

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5
Q

Outer to inner layer of the neck

A
  1. Superficial cervical fascia
  2. Platysma
  3. Deep cervical fascia
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6
Q

Cranial nerve descends in the Carotid sheath

A

Vagus

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7
Q

Lateral, medial and posterior of Carotid sheath

A

L- IJV
M- common and ICA
P- vagus nerve

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8
Q

Potential space at deep cervical fascia between vertebral and visceral compartments

A

Retro pharyngeal space

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9
Q

Ludwigs angina involves which fascial planes

A

Submandibular space

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10
Q

Supply muscles of facial expressions

A

CERVICAL BRANCH OF FACIAL NERVE (CN VII)

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11
Q

Neck twisting and chin pointing to opposite side from injury of SCM or avulsion of Accessory nerve

A

Torticollis/ Wryneck

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12
Q

Level of HYOID bone

A

C3

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13
Q

Only bone don’t articulate with another bone. For moving of tongue base

A

HYOID bone

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14
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Anterior and posterior DIGASTRIC
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid

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15
Q

INFRAHYOID muscles

A

Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid

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16
Q

Elevates HYOID

A

SUPRAHYOID muscles

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17
Q

Depress hyoid

A

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thryohyoid

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18
Q

Depress larynx

A

Sternothryoid

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19
Q

Elevates larynx

A

Thyrohyoid

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20
Q

Boundaries of ANTERIOR TRIANGLE

A

ant. Border of SCM
ant. Midline of neck
Inf. border of mandible

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21
Q

Boundaries of POSTERIOR triangle

A

Post. Border of SCM

ant. Border of trapezius

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22
Q

Boundaries of SUBMENTAL triangle

A

Ant. Belly of Digastri
Hyoid bone
Floor- mylohyoid

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23
Q

Muscle separating submandibular and sublingual space

A

Mylohyoid

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24
Q

Boundaries of SUBMANDIBULAR triangle

A

Digastric
Inf. mandible
Floor- mylohyoid

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25
Q

Upper portion of carotid sheath corssed obliquely and anteriorly by:

A

Posterior digastric

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26
Q

Boundaries of ANTERIOR triangle

A

Superior omohyoid
Post. Digastric
Ant. SCM

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27
Q

Palpation of CAROTID PULSE

A

Superior border of thyroid cartilage

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28
Q

Boundaries of muscular triangle

A

Superior omohyoid
Ant. Digastric
Ant. SCM

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29
Q

Nerve crosses occipital triangle

A

Accessory Nerve

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30
Q

Blood vessels crosses SUPRACLAVICULAR triangle/ subclavian triangle

A

EJV and subclavian artery

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31
Q

Level of base of thryoid

A

4th or 5th tracheal ring

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32
Q

Location of pyramidal lobe

A

Left of midline

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33
Q

Connects pyramidal lobe to hyoid

A

LEVATOR GLANDULAE THYROIDEA

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34
Q

Midline artery below isthmus of thyroid

A

Thyroidea Ima artery

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35
Q

Level of thyroid cartilage

A

C4-C5

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36
Q

Level cricoid cartilage

A

C6

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37
Q

Blood supply of superior and inferior thyroid

A

Superior- external carotid

Inferior- thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery

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38
Q

Drain superior and middle thyroid

A

IJV

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39
Q

Drain inferior thyroid

A

Brachiocephalic

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40
Q

First endo gland to develop

A

Thyroid gland

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41
Q

MC loc of ectopic thyroid

42
Q

Midline, near hyoid bone, moves with swallowing or tongue protrusion

A

thyroglossal duct cyst

43
Q

Lateral to midline, anterior to SCM, not move when swallowing

A

Brachial cleft cyst

44
Q

Lie along INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN in Carotid triangle

A

Superior deep cervical LN

45
Q

Lie on INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN near Subclavian vein

A

Inferior deep cervical LN

46
Q

Where deep cervical LN empty

A

Thoracic duct- left

Right lymphatic duct- right

47
Q

Cervical LN where thyroid malig first mets

A

Cervical LN V

48
Q

LN mets of primary oral cavity and lip tumors

A

Level i, ii, iii

49
Q

LN mets of oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx

A

Level ii, iii, iv

50
Q

LN mets of nasopharyngeal and thyroid malig

51
Q

Contain opening of auditory rube and pharyngeal tonsils

A

Nasopharynx

52
Q

Contains palatine and lingual tonsils

A

Oropharynx

53
Q

Opens to larynx and esophagus

A

Laryngopharynx

54
Q

Afferent fibers of gag reflec

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

55
Q

Efferent of gag reflex

A

Vagus nerve

56
Q

Innervate nasal pharynx

A

Maxillary nerve V2 of CN V

57
Q

Oral pharynx innervation

58
Q

laryngeal pharynx innervation

59
Q

Afferent of pupillary light reflex

60
Q

Efferent of Pupillary light reflex

61
Q

Afferent of corneal reflex

62
Q

Efferent of corneal reflex

63
Q

Nerve damage in tonsillectomy

64
Q

Components of WALDEYER RING

A

Lateral: palatine and tubal tonsils
Upper: pharyngeal tonsil
Lower: lingual tonsils

65
Q

Level of larynx

A

C4, C5, C6

66
Q

Forms laryngeal prominence in the neck

A

Thyroid cartilage

67
Q

Unpaired laryngeal cartilages

A

Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis

68
Q

Paired laryngeal cartilages

A

Arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate

69
Q

Connects upper thyroid cartilage to hyoid. Pierced by superior laryngeal vessels and internal laryngeal nerve

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

70
Q

Connects cricoid cartilage to first ring of trachea

A

Cricotracheal ligament

71
Q

Immediately inferior to thyroid cartilage

A

Cricothyroid membrane

72
Q

What lies above cricoid cartilage

A

True vocal cords

73
Q

Fixed, formed by mucous membrane, vascular, pink in color

A

False vocal folds

74
Q

Mobile, voice production, formed by mucous membrane, avascular, white

A

True vocal folds

75
Q

Narrowest part of laryngeal cavity, space between vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages

A

Rima glottidis

76
Q

Nerve injury in ligation of superior thyroid artery

A

External laryngeal

77
Q

Inferior thyroid artery associated with what nerve

A

Inferior/recurrent laryngeal nerve

78
Q

Nerve supply cricothyroid

A

External Laryngeal nerve

79
Q

Supply motor to muscles of phonation except cricothyroid

A

Inferior/ recurrent laryngeal nerve

80
Q

Chief tensor of vocal cords

A

Cricothyroid

81
Q

Muscle allow air movement through larynx

A

Posterior arytenoids

82
Q

Abduction of vocal fold

A

Post. Cricoarytenoid

83
Q

Adductor of vocal cords

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid

84
Q

Where does RIGHT laryngeal nerve cross?

A

Right subclavian artery

85
Q

Where left recurrent laryngeal nerve cross

A

Aortic arch

86
Q

Injury to what nerve results to cannot producer HIGH PITCH SOUNDS

87
Q

nerve injury results to HOARSENESS/ BREATHINESS

A

Recurrent LN

88
Q

Blood supply of Larynx

A

Upper half- superior thyroid artery

Lower half- inferior thyroid artery

89
Q

Level of trachea

90
Q

Blood supply of trachea

A

Upper 2/3- inferior thyroid artery

Lower- bronchial arteries

91
Q

Improper division of foregut by tracheoesophageal septum

92
Q

MC TEF

A

Esophageal atresia with distal TEF

93
Q

Blood supply of Parathyroid gland

A

Superior and Inferior Thyroid arteries

94
Q

Venous of Parathyroid glands

A

Superior, middle, inferior thyroid

95
Q

Cells secrete PTH

A

Chief cells

96
Q

Supporting cells of Parathyroid gland

A

Oxyphil cells

97
Q

Secret CALCITONIN in thyroid gland

A

Para follicular cells (c cells)

98
Q

Formed by first four cervical nerves (C1-C4)

A

Cervical plexus

99
Q

Branches of cervical plexus

A

Cutaneous, Muscular branches, Phrenic

100
Q

Only motor nerve supply of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve (C3, C4, C5)

101
Q

Boundaries of phrenic nerve

A

Post- subclavian vein
Ant- subclavian artery
Lat- common carotid

102
Q

Neck Zones:

Zone 1:
Zone 2:
Zone 3:

A

Zone 1: root of neck to inferior border of cricoid
Zone 2: cricoid was to angle of mandible
Zone 3: above level of angle of mandible

ANA 2020 (16 decks)

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