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Head and Neck Anatomy BDS1 > Head and Neck 2 > Flashcards

Head and Neck 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what bones are involved in the temporomandibular joint?

A

head of mandible/mandibular fossa/articular tubercle

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2
Q

what ligaments are involved in the temporomandibular joint?

A

sphenomandibular ligament/lateral ligament

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3
Q

what are the parts of the TMJ?

A

bones, ligaments, capsule, muscles attaching to or near the joint, synovial joint/fibrocartilaginous disc

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4
Q

in the TMJ where does the mandible sit?

A

in the mandibular fossa

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5
Q

what is the articular joint?

A

a joining disc which partially holds the joint together when the mouth is closed

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6
Q

what is the condyle?

A

the ball at the top of the mandible

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7
Q

what is the TMJ formed of?

A

the condyle of the mandible, the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle

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8
Q

how is the mandible formed?

A

by the union of two halves at the midline with each of them having a horizontal body and a vertical ramus

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9
Q

where is the angle of the mandible?

A

where the ramus and the body meet

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10
Q

what are the parts of the ramus?

A

it is a flat bone with two processes at the superior end: condylar and coronoid. It also has a mandibular notch and mandibular foramen

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11
Q

what is the mandibular notch?

A

the dip at the top of the ramus between the condylar and coronoid processes

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12
Q

where is the condylar process?

A

it is the outermost process on the ramus (closer to the ear)

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13
Q

where is the coronoid process?

A

it is the innermost process (closer to the nose)

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14
Q

what are the parts of the body of the mandible?

A

metal foramen/mylohyoid line/mental spine

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15
Q

what part of the temporal bone contributes to the TMJ?

A

articular tubercle

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16
Q

what parts of the mandible contribute to the TMJ?

A

condyle and mandibular fossa

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17
Q

what type of joint is the synovial joint?

A

it is a modified hinge joint

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18
Q

what is the articular surface of the TMJ covered with?

A

fibrocartilage

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19
Q

what are the parts of the capsule?

A

attachments, thickenings, lateral ligament - the strongest ligament

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20
Q

what are the accessory ligaments?

A

sphenomandibular and stylomandibular

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21
Q

what is the styloid process?

A

the wee bone that is connected to the stylomandibular ligament

22
Q

what is the structure inside the capsule?

A

there is a superior and inferior compartment which are divided by a fibrocartilaginous disc

23
Q

what is the movements of the upper part of the capsule?

A

gliding movement

24
Q

what is the movement of the lower part of the capsule?

A

hinge movement

25
Q

what are all the possible movements of the joint?

A

depression, elevation, protrusion and retraction

26
Q

when does theTMJ have the greatest stability?

A

when the mandible is elevated as teeth are occluded and the condyle is secure in articular fossa

27
Q

what is the most common injury to the TMJ?

A

forward dislocation

28
Q

what does forward dislocation of the TMJ stretch?

A

the alveolar nerve

29
Q

what happens if the alveolar nerve is stretched?

A

there could be possible damage to the nerve supply to the lower teeth

30
Q

what nerve supplies all the lower teeth?

A

the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

31
Q

what is the blood supply to the TMJ?

A

external carotid artery which has superficial temporal and maxillary branches

32
Q

what nerves supply the TMJ?

A

auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves which are both derived from Vc

33
Q

what nerve do the auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves come from?

A

Vc : the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

34
Q

what are the muscles of mastication?

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid

35
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

A

Vc

36
Q

what is the masseter joined to?

A

the zygoma and the maxilla

37
Q

what is the masseter responsible for?

A

elevation of the mandible

38
Q

what nerve supplies the masseter?

A

masseteric nerve from Vc

39
Q

what are the 2 parts of the masseter?

A

superficial and deep

40
Q

what are the front fibres of the temporalis for?

A

elevation of the mandible

41
Q

what are the back fibres of the temporalis for?

A

retraction of the mandible

42
Q

what does the temporalis attach to?

A

the mandible

43
Q

what direction does the medial pterygoid run?

A

downwards and backwards

44
Q

what does the medial pterygoid join to?

A

the angle of the mandible

45
Q

what is the medial pterygoid responsible for?

A

the elevation and slight protrusion of the mandible

46
Q

what nerve supplies the medial pterygoid?

A

Vc

47
Q

what does the lateral pterygoid do?

A

depresses and protrudes the mandible

48
Q

what is the only muscle that depresses the mandible?

A

lateral pterygoid

49
Q

where does the medial pterygoid arise from and insert to?

A

the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and inserts onto the medial surface of the angle of the mandible and ramus

50
Q

where does the lateral pterygoid arise from and insert to?

A

it arises from the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid and lateral sirface of the lateral pterygoid plate and inserts into the neck of the mandible at the fovea and to the capsule an the intra-capsular disc

Head and Neck Anatomy BDS1 (5 decks)

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