head and neck Flashcards
what are the 8 cranial bones?
- ethmoid
- frontal
- occipital
- parietal (2)
- sphenoid
- temporal (2)
what are the 14 facial bones?
inferior concha (2)
lacrimal (2)
mandible
maxilla (2)
nasal (2)
palatine (2)
vomer
zygoma (2)
what are the cranial sutures?
coronal
sagittal
lambdoid
what is a cranial frontanelle?
soft spot where sutures join
what do frontanelles allow?
growth of a childs brain during first year of development
which bones comprise the cranial base?
- ethmoid
- frontal
- occipital
- sphenoid
- temporal (pertrous)
which bone in the skull is ‘butterfly shaped’?
shpenoid
what is the foramen magnum?
a passage of the central nervous system through the skull connecting the brain with the spinal cord
where is the zygoma?
down past side of eye to cheek
where is the ethmoid bone?
back of eye
where is the lacrimal bone?
inner eye
why is the zygoma bone set back?
to increase peripheral vision
where is the sphenoid bone?
middle of side profile of the skull
what is the name of the artery behind the squamous part of the temporal bone?
middle meningeal artery
what is the pterion?
an H-shaped bony neurological landmark found at the junction of the frontal, sphenoid, parietal and the squamous part of temporal bone
what is the thinnest bone in the body?
lacrimal bone
what is the optic foramen?
the opening through which the optic nerve runs back into the brain and the large ophthalmic artery enters the orbit
what are the superior/inferior orbital fissures?
superior orbital fissure is the slit in the posterior wall of the orbit. It passes through to the middle cranial fossa within the cranial cavity. The inferior orbital fissure is the slit in the floor of the orbit passing to the infratemporal fossa
where is and what is the function of the infraorbital foramen?
located on the maxillary bone about 1 cm inferior to the infraorbital margin, the infraorbital nerve and vessels are transmitted through this foramen
what is the bone at the back of the nose?
ethmoid
what is the front of the nose made of?
septal cartilage
which vein drains most the head and neck?
internal jugular vein
what artery supplies the head, neck and brain?
common carotid artery
what are branches of the common carotid artery?
internal and external carotid artery
which artery supplies the brain?
the internal carotid artery
which artery supplies the head and neck?
the external carotid artery