head Flashcards

1
Q

WHat are the parts of the cranium?

A

neurocranium and vicerocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name of the bones of the neurocracium

A

8 bones

singular: Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital

Pairs: temporal and parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes up the calvaria?

A

skull cap: frontal prietal and occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which bones make up the basicranium?

A

sphenoid and temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which bones make up the facial skeleton?

A

Vescerocranium is made up of 15 bones

3 singular: mandible, ethmoid and vomer

6 paired: LeMoN ZIP

Lacrimal, Maxilla, Nasal, Zygomatic, Inferior nasal concha, Palatine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which bone is part of the both calvaria and basicranium?

A

ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

WHich bones make up the facial aspect?

A

frontal bone, zygomatic, maxilla/mandible, orbitals and nasal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

WHich bones make up the superior aspect?

A

frontal, parietal pair, and occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the foramen magnum found?

A

cranial base of the nuerocranium: part of the occipital bone and extension of the external occipital crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which foramens can be found in the external surface of the cranial base?

A

jugular foramen (internal jugular vein)

carotid canal (internal carotid artery)

and

stylomastoid foramen (faical nerve VII and stylomastoid artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where can the cribiform plate be found? Explain its fucntion

A

In the anterior fossa on the ethmoid bone for olfactory nerves CN I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or False : THe sella turcica holds the hypothalumus and can be found in the middle fossa?

A

False

It is found in the middle fossa but it holds the pituitary gland not the hypothalumus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: the posterior fossa is the largest and lowest or deepest of the three

A

True

Anterior is the highest and most shallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

WHich of the following are true?

A. The internal acoustic meatus is found in the posterior fossa for CN VIII

B. Jugular Foramen, hypoglossal Canal (below the tongue) and Carotid canal can be found in the middle fossa

C. The F. rotundum, F. ovale and the optic canal are all found in the middle fossa but the Foramen spinosum is located on the posterior fossa

A

only A is true

B. jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal and carotid canal are all in the posterior fossa

C is false bc all of the fossas mentioned are in the middle fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the layers of the scalp

A

Skin

Connective tissue

Aponeurosis

Loose CT

Pericranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name of the cranial meninges

A

DAP

Dura Mater

Arachnoid Mater

Pia Mater

17
Q

What is a falx cerebri?

A

Longitudinal cerebral fissure that divides the cerebrum into 2 hemispheres

18
Q

Which Cranial nerves arise from the cerebrum?

A

CN I- olfactory

CN II- optic

19
Q

True or False: THe brainstem is divided into the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata and gives rise to 10 CN.

A

True

20
Q

Where do CN III and CN IV arise from? What is thier fx?

A

Arise from midbrain

III- oculomotor

IV- trochlear

21
Q

WHich of the following are true:

A. CN V is the trigeminal nerve and arises from the pons

B. The pons is responsible for the cough reflex

C. The medulla oblongta is responsible for respiration

D. CN IX, X, and XII arise from the medulla oblongata

A

A and D are true

B- pons is the control center for respiration and swallowing

C- medulla O is responsible for the cough reflex supressed by opiods directly

22
Q

Where is CSF made and where is it stored? be specific

A

CSF is made by the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles which are connected to the 3rd ventricle by the interventricular foramen. The 3rd ventricle then transports it to the 4th ventricle via the cerebral aqueduct. The 4th ventricle drains the CSF into the subarachnoid space and the spinal cord.

23
Q

Where do the internal carotid arteries originate from?

A

common carotid artery

24
Q

T/F: The anterior and middle cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery.

A

True

25
Q

Where do the vertebral arteries arise from and describes its location?

A

arise from the subclavian arteries with the left one being slightly larger

They run posterior to the neck through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae

26
Q

Where is the basilar artery? where does it stem from and what does it make?

A

Basilar artery originates from the merging of the two vertebral arteries at pons level then travels up the clivus (incline in the posterior fossa of the cranial base anterior to the foramen magnum) where it further divides into the 2 posterior cerebral arteries.

27
Q

describes both the anterior communicating artery and posterior communicating artery.

A

anterior communicating artery connects the 2 anterior cerebral arteries

posterior communicating artery branches off of the posterior cerebral artery and connects the posterior cerebral arteries to anterior portion at the internal carotid.

28
Q

Name the arteries involved in the circle of willis

A

the cerebral arterial circle is made up of:

Anterior communicating artery

Anterior cerebral artery

Internal Carotid artery

Posterior communicating artery

Posterior cerebral artery

29
Q

WHat is the most common form of aneurysm, where and why?

A

saccular aneurysm: Berry aneurysm at arterial joining points due to the weak arterial walls at those junctions. Most common are at the anterior communicating artery.

30
Q

What are the muscles used for facial expression?

A

orbicularis oculi

buccinator

orbicularis oris

31
Q

which muscle is used for taught cheeks and smiling?

which is used to close the eye lids and winking?

Which is the first sphinctor of the GI tract?

A

buccinator

orbicularis oculi

orbicularis oris

32
Q

What are your facial nerves and what are they for?

A

CN V- sensory nerves and for motor of mastication

CN VII- motor nerve for everything else

33
Q

Describe CN V

A

trigeminal sensory nerves:

CN V1- ophthalmicus

CN V2- maxillary

CN V3- mandibular (motor of mastication)

34
Q

What is so special of the parotid gland? describe its location.

A

Largest of the 3 glands (submandibular and sublingual) with a parotid duct that pierces throught the buccinator opposite the 2nd maxillary molar

Parotitis is indicative of the MUMPS. (vaccine in MMR)

35
Q
A