HD physiology part 2

Question 1

How should you weigh babies

Answer 1

• babies should be weighted without any clothes or nappy

Question 2

How should you weigh children

Answer 2

• children older than two years can be weighed in a vest and pants but no shoes, footwear and dolls or teddies in hand
• use a class III clinical electronic scales in metric setting

Question 3

when do you weigh when close monitoring is required

Answer 3

• once a month before 6 months
• once per two months aged 6-12 months
• once per 3 months over the age of 1 year

Question 4

when do you weigh normally

Answer 4

• they are normally weighed only at the time or routine immunisations
• 8, 12 and 16 weeks and at age one year

Question 5

what is the normal rate of weight gain

Answer 5

• weigh usually tract within one centile

Question 6

what happens when there is acute illness

Answer 6

• weight loss and weight central fall

- a Childs weight usually returns to its normal centile within 2-3 weeks

Question 7

how do you measure head circumference

Answer 7

• it should be measured using a narrow plastic or disposable paper tape
• should be taken where the head circumference is the widest

Question 8

when do you measure length

Answer 8

• measure length before the age of 2 years if concerned
• use a length border - requires two measurers
• should be measured without a nappy or footwear

Question 9

what does length vary to

Answer 9

• measured length will vary in the same child depending on mood of the child and the style of the measurer

Question 10

what is the normal growth rate

Answer 10

• head circumference usually tracks within one centile space

- fewer than 1% of infants drop or rise through greater than 2 centile spaces after the first few weeks

Question 11

how do you do adult height prediction

Answer 11

• plot the most recent height
• find the central on the adult scale
• 4 out of 5 children will be within 6cm of this value when an adult

Question 12

How do you plot BMI

Answer 12

• read of the weight and height centiles from the growth chart
• plot the weight centile against the height centile bottom axis

Question 13

what is an average BMI

Answer 13

• a child whose weight is average for their height will have a BMI between the 25th and 75th centiles

Question 14

What does a BMI centiles show your overweight

Answer 14

• BMI above the 91st centile suggests that the child is overweight
• BMI above the 98th centile suggests that the child is very overweight - clinically obese

Question 15

what BMI centile represents under nutrition

Answer 15

a BMI below the 2nd centile is unusual and may reflect under-nutrition

Question 16

how do you plot the chart

Answer 16

• record measurement and date in ink,, plot in pencil

- do not joint up the dots

Question 17

when should a single measurement trigger assessment

Answer 17

• all children with measurements below 0.4th centile

- child with a height above 99.6th centile after the age of 2 so lookup BMI centile

Question 18

describe when centiles are on the line and between

Answer 18

• if the point is exactly on the centile line or within 1/4 of a space of the centile line the child is described as being one the x centile
• if not they should be described as being between centile X and Y

Question 19

what is a centile space

Answer 19

a centile space is the distance between two centile lines

Question 20

two measurements can be described as a centile space apart….

Answer 20

if they are both midway between centiles