HCS2023 WEEK 9 LECTURE Flashcards
define speech in terms of anatomy and neurology
auditory, somatosensory, motor representation for linguistic info to be conveyed, also involving cerebral cortex, and associated subcortical structures
how do children learn language via feedback systems
when delivering target to child, they take in auditory info and have a go at copying sound
they get somatosensory feedback from sound production and motor feedback
each time they practice it, they get closer to their target
define articulation
physiological movements to modify airflow using vocal tract above larynx
define phonetics
production and classification of speech sound (way you say it sounds different)
define phonology
how meaning contrasts, how phonemes may be legally sequenced to form word
define morphology
internal word structures, how can be analysed as word element
define perception (in term of language)
includes discrimination from environmental sound and perception of known phonemes from not known and phonetic variationa
define discrimination (in terms of language)
occur at different levels of sound, word, from close phonological forms and within multisyllabic words
age 1, what phonemes are developed
b, d, m, n
then m, h
what is PCC (% consonants correct)
what level of competency child has in terms of their speech-sound system (not clinicaly super useful)
what is PVC (%vowels correct) and what can this indicate age 2-3
if limited use of vowels, is a cause for concern
outline variation in intelligibility ages 2-5
2, only 26-50%
but is 71-80% age 3 = if parent can only understand 50% at this age this is a cause for concern
what is concluded regarding intervention for intelligbility
listen to parent when cannot understand their own child
nearly 42% didn’t reach intelligiblity comparative to age appropriate level by 7
what is differential diagnosis
systematic approach to assessment and analysis, know whats typical at age/context, analyse data collected and identify speech process, pattern of error
name long term impacts of SSD
learning (difficulty recalling with literacy, maths)
general tasks (frustration, lost inderpendence)
communication issues
interpersonal issues (withdrawal, bullying)
name red flags for SSD
- late canonical babble (after age 1)
- glue ear
- glottal replacement when not accent
- initial consonent deletion
- small phonetic vocab (small amount of consonants, vowels)
- inventory constraint= miss consonants
- backing = replace sound made at front of mouth with sound made in back
define backing
replacing sound made in front of mouth with sound made in back of mouth
gog for dog
what are early childhood risk factors of SSD
weak sucking age 4 weeks, issues weaning
not combining word 2years
limited word morphology 3 years, and unintelligble
name some school-age predictors of SSD /risk factor
maternal report of difficulty reporting certain sound, hear impared age 7
history of coordination problems
name general risk factors of SSD
male, hearing problem, reactivity (temperaments)
name some protective factors of SSD
breastfed, temperament persistence, maternal wellbeing, parents status as speaking languages other than English)
what is DDCS regarding SSD classifications
descriptive-linguistic based Dodd
analyse way child presents ie phonological delay, articulation disorders, childhood apraxia of speech
define SSD
difficulty with perception, articulation/motor production, phonological organisation, representation of speech
what 2 catagories is SSD split into
phonology (phonological impairment, inconsistent speech disorder)
motor (articulation impairment, childhood apraxia of speech, childhood dysarthria)
define phonological impairment
cog linguistic difficulty with learning phonological systems, characterised by pattern based errors
define inconsistent speech disorder
phonology assembly difficulty, with inconsistent production of same lexical items
define articulation impairment
problem with physical production in speech
define childhood apraxia of speech
involves difficulty planning, programming movement sequences
define childhood dysarthria
difficulties with sensorimotor control processes for speech production
define phonology
how sound put together to form words, how sounds contrast and convey meaning
name general phonological process issues
reduplication, final consonent deletion, weak syllable detection, cluster reduction
name some phonological errors
predominant one sound
backing
sound substitution
emergence of later developing sound before earlier
what can articulation disorders be due to
craniofacial anomalies, hearing loss and dysarthria
what is independent analysis
independent of an adults form, what did thye attempt and what sounds can they use, irrespective of accuracy
what is relational analysis
in relation to adult form, what sounds are omitted or changed, what phoneme have htye got
what is DEAP
diagnostic evaluation of articulation and phonology
