HC14 - Cancer stem cells Flashcards
1
Q
total surface area intestine
A
30-40 m2
2
Q
renewal intestine
A
~7 days = 10^12 cells
3
Q
colorectal cancer (CRC)
A
second most common cancer > APC mutation
4
Q
niche cells
A
Paneth and mesenchymal cells
5
Q
niche signals
A
Wnt, Notch, EGF, ECM
6
Q
identifying stem cells
A
lineage tracing with markers
7
Q
intestinal stem cell niche
A
dominant factor that drives regeneration
8
Q
colorectal tumorigenesis
A
APC mutation > fast growing crypts
9
Q
intra-tumor heterogeneity (3)
A
- multi-lineage differentiation
- non-malignant cells = micro-environment
- immune cells
10
Q
first evidence cancer stem cells in a solid breast malignancy
A
200 CSCs form a tumor in a NODSCID mouse > CD44+
11
Q
glioblastoma marker
A
CD133+
12
Q
colon cancer marker
A
CD133+
13
Q
cancer stem cells characterisitcs (3)
A
- high Wnt activity
- multi-lineage differentiation capacity
- self-renewal
14
Q
mechanisms of CSC resistance (4)
A
- express high levels of anti-apoptotic proteins
- primed to respond to DNA damage
- protected by the niche
- express high levels of drug transporters
15
Q
patient prognosis
A
worse with CSC signature > TOP-GFP = high
