HC.12 Flashcards
Name 5 core emotional needs + 2 proposed needs
- Stability, nurturance, safety, acceptance
- Autonomy, competence, sense of identity
- freedom to express needs and emotions
- spontaneity and play
- Realistic limits and self control
- Fairness
- Self-coherence, comprehensible world
Describe the ST theory
unmet core needs/trauma > maladaptive schema’s > coping with schema activation > schema modes
Describe what schema modes are
schema modes represent the moment-to-moment emotional states and coping responses that individuals experience. Unlike the broader and more stable “schemas” which are enduring beliefs and patterns that individuals develop about themselves and the world, schema modes are temporary, fluctuating states that can change rapidly depending on the situation.
Schema modes are essentially the manifestations of one’s schemas in real-time, influencing how individuals react to situations and manage their emotions and relationships. These modes are thought to be triggered by life situations that activate underlying schemas, especially when these situations resemble conditions under which the schemas were originally formed.
- combination of activated schema and coping with the schema
Describe 3 types of dysfunctional coping with activated schema
- Surrender: give in to schema activation (child and internalized parental modes)
- Avoidance: avoid schema activation (avoidant coping modes)
- Overcompensation: believe the opposite is true (overcompensation coping modes)
Name the 3 focus of treatment en 3 channels
focus:
1. Therapeutic relationship
2. Past
3. Present
Channel:
- Thinking (cognitive)
- Feeling (experiential)
- Doing (behavioral)
Name the different schema modes (4)
- Dysfunctional child modes (when basic emotional needs were frustrated in childhood)
- Vulnerable Child: Feels overwhelmed, needy, or inadequate.
- Angry Child: Feels frustrated, overbearing, or rebellious.
- Impulsive/Undisciplined Child: Acts on impulses, often seeking immediate gratification - dysfunctional parent modes (internalized negative beliefs about oneself that are developed during childhood due to behaviors and reactions of significant others (parents, teachers, peers)
- Punitive Parent: Harshly criticizes or punishes the self, often echoing critical parental attitudes.
- Demanding Parent: Pushes for high achievement or perfection, based on the internalized high standards of a parent. - Dysfunctional coping modes (These modes involve maladaptive coping responses that protect the individual from pain but often in self-defeating ways.)
- Compliant Surrender: The individual gives in to the schema, acting in ways that ensure the schema continues.
- Avoidant Detacher: Avoids situations and withdraws emotionally to prevent schema activation.
- Overcompensator: Overreacts or does the opposite of what the schema dictates in an attempt to avoid feeling vulnerable. - Healthy modes:
- healthy adult mode: patients can deal with emotions and needs adequately and engage in healthy relationships
- healthy child mode; patients can enjoy fun, play and spontaneity
Describe the treatment course
- current symptoms, important relationships and life history are assessed
- coping modes are addressed
- vulnerable child mode > heal emotional wounds of the past (use experiential techniques and therapeutic relationship)
- Learn new adaptive schemas (behavior-based techniques)
Name the modes that are common in Borderline PD
- abandoned, abused child mode
- angry child mode
- punitive parent mode
- detached protector mode
Name the modes that are common in histrionic PD
- abandoned/abused child mode
- impulsive/undisciplined child mode
coping: attention seeking
Name the modes that are common in Narcissistic PD
- lonely child mode
- demanding parent mode
coping: self-aggrandiser mode
Name the modes that are common in dependent PD
- abandoned/abused child mode
- dependent child mode
- demanding parent mode
- punitive parent mode
coping: compliant surrender mode and avoidant protector mode
Name the modes that are common in avoidant PD
- lonely child mode
- abandoned/abused child mode
- punitive parent mode
coping: avoidant protect mode and compliant surrender mode
Name the modes that are common in obsessive-compulsive PD
- lonely child mode
- demanding parent mode
coping: perfectionistic overcontroller mode and detached self-soother mode and self-aggrandiser mode
Describe 2 attitudes a therapist can use in therapy
- limited reparenting: behaving as a good parental figure, while at the same time respecting the limits of a professional therapist patient
- encourage autonomy
- empathy
- support
- secure attachment - empathic confrontation: the way a therapist react to problematic behaviors or views of the patient
- show understanding and validation of the patient’s feelings and needs
Describe experiential techniques
understanding and changing intense emotions that accompany schemas and modes
